presence / present 易混淆字
presence 是名詞「在場、存在」，present 是「現在的、在場的」，也是「禮物」、「呈現」。
109 學測｜文意選填
Not all dimples are formed by a genetic defect, though; some may appear due to the presence of excessive fat on the face.
不過，並非所有酒窩都由基因缺陷形成；有些可能是因為臉上脂肪過多而出現。（存在）
- not all…：「並非全部都…」
- due to…：「由於…」
- presence：「存在」，present 是「在場的」
114 學測｜詞彙題
Despite his busy schedule, the President graced the school's graduation ceremony with his presence and a heartwarming speech.
儘管行程繁忙，總統仍蒞臨該校的畢業典禮，並發表了一場暖心的演說。（親自出席）
- 考點：grace A with B「以 B 為 A 增光」，常用在正式場合，意思是「蒞臨」。grace 名詞是「優雅」，有人出席讓場面更有光彩。praise「稱讚」、address「向…演說」、credit「把功勞歸給」都不能接 with his presence
- despite：「儘管」，後面接名詞
- heartwarming：「暖心的」，heart + warm + ing
115 學測｜混合題
Greatly concerned about the presence of fake “green” products on the market, Alice Bao decided to open this shop.
Alice Bao 非常擔心市面上有假的「環保」產品，於是決定開這家店。（存在）
- greatly concerned about…：分詞片語表示原因
- the presence of…：「…的存在」，presence 是 present「在場的」的名詞
- on the market：「市面上」
111 學測｜文意選填
That technology has continued to evolve into the present.
這些技術至今仍持續演進。（現在）
- continue to V：「持續…」
- evolve：「演進」
113 學測｜混合題
However, if a predator (such as a fox) is present, the pattern of their flight will change immediately.
然而，一旦有掠食者（例如狐狸）出現，牠們的飛行模式就會立刻改變。（在場）
- present：這裡是形容詞，「在場的」，a predator is present 是「掠食者出現」
111 學測｜篇章結構
Food offerings are presented at house altars and temples.
家中神龕和寺廟會供奉食物。（供上（呈現））
- food offerings：「供品」
- present：這裡是動詞，「呈獻」
- altar：「祭壇、神龕」
- house altars：「家中的神龕」
怎麼判斷
- presence 是名詞「在場、存在」。例：Your presence made her happy.（你在場讓她很開心）
- present 當形容詞是「在場的」，常說 be present。例：Everyone was present.（大家都在場）
- present 還有名詞「現在」、「禮物」，以及動詞「呈現、頒發」。
自我檢測
109 學測｜文意選填
1. Not all dimples are formed by a genetic defect, though; some may appear due to the ＿＿＿＿ of excessive fat on the face.
113 學測｜混合題
2. However, if a predator (such as a fox) is ＿＿＿＿, the pattern of their flight will change immediately.
114 學測｜詞彙題
3. Despite his busy schedule, the President graced the school's graduation ceremony with his ＿＿＿＿ and a heartwarming speech.