學測考點
be against…
「反對…」(against zoos)
for or against…
「支持或反對…」(for or against zoos)
against one's will
「違反某人意願」(against their will)
discriminate against…
「歧視…」(discriminated against because of blood type)
rebel against…
「反抗…」(rebelled against his parents' formal ways)
學測原句
- 114 學測|混合題|第 11 段In making a case for or against zoos, both sides argue that they’re saving animals.無論是支持還是反對動物園,雙方都主張自己是在拯救動物。
- make a case for / against…:「提出支持 / 反對…的理由」
- both sides:「雙方」
- argue that…:這裡是「主張…」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段In the sixteenth century, when the Africans were taken from their homes to Brazil against their will and kept in slavery, Capoeira began to take form among the community of slaves for self-defense.十六世紀,非洲人被違反意願地從家園帶到巴西並被奴役時,Capoeira 開始在奴隸群體中成形,用來自衛。
- against one's will:「違反某人的意願」
- slavery:「奴役」,slave 的名詞
- take form:「成形」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 1 篇He was discriminated against because of blood type.他因血型而受到歧視。
- 這句是閱讀題的選項
- discriminate against…:「歧視…」,被動是 be discriminated against
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段As a teenager, Cartier-Bresson rebelled against his parents’ formal ways of education.青少年時期,Cartier-Bresson 反抗父母正規的教育方式。
- as a teenager:「青少年時期」
- rebel against…:「反抗…」
- formal:「正規的」
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段Throughout the Middle Ages, winding staircases became a well-established feature of European castles, mainly for their advantages in helping to defend against attackers.整個中世紀期間,蜿蜒的樓梯成為歐洲城堡的固定特色,主要是因為它有助於抵禦攻擊者。
- throughout:「整段期間」
- the Middle Ages:「中世紀」,介於古代和近代之間的「中間」時代,所以叫 Middle
- well-established:「穩固確立的」
- defend against…:「防禦…」
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇To argue against the assumption that Russians are born drinkers.為了反駁「俄羅斯人天生就愛喝酒」的假設。
- argue against…:「反駁…」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Over the years, the fearless tribesmen have stood strong against slavery, and resisted the urging of the Kenyan and Tanzanian governments to adopt a more modern lifestyle.多年來,這些無所畏懼的部落男子堅決抵抗奴役,也抗拒肯亞和坦尚尼亞政府要他們接受更現代生活方式的催促。
- fearless:「無所畏懼的」
- stand strong against…:「堅決對抗…」
- resist:「抗拒」
- urging:「催促」,是 urge 的名詞
- adopt:「採用」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Franklin moistened his fingers and held them against the rims of the glass hemispheres as they turned, producing a unique sound.富蘭克林把手指沾濕,在玻璃半球轉動時按在邊緣上,發出獨特的聲音。
- moisten:「沾濕」,moist 是「潮濕的」
- hold A against B:「把 A 抵在 B 上」
- as they turned:「當它們轉動時」
- producing…:分詞構句,「產生…」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇They sharpen their horns rubbing against the rails.牠們靠在鐵軌上磨來磨去,把角磨尖。
- sharpen:「磨尖」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段The severity of tropical diseases is also a matter of whether governments are capable—and willing—to defend their populations against infections.熱帶疾病的嚴重程度,也取決於政府是否有能力、並且願意保護人民免於感染。
- severity:「嚴重程度」,severe 的名詞
- a matter of…:「…的問題」
- capable—and willing—to V:原句搭配不齊,標準用法是 be capable of V-ing 和 be willing to V
- defend A against B:「保護 A 免受 B」
- population:這裡指「人民」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段But it soon became a strong weapon in the life-or-death struggle against their oppressors.但它很快就成為對抗壓迫者的生死鬥爭中的有力武器。
- soon:「很快」
- life-or-death:「生死攸關的」
- struggle:「鬥爭」
- oppressor:「壓迫者」,oppress 是「壓迫」
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段This means that ascenders would have their right hand tight against the narrowest part of the staircases, close to the central pole, and as a result were unable to use their sword effectively.這表示往上爬的人右手會緊貼著樓梯最窄的部分、靠近中央柱子,結果沒辦法有效揮劍。
- ascender:「往上爬的人」,ascend + -er
- tight against…:「緊貼著…」,against 是「靠著頂著」,緊緊貼在樓梯最窄的地方,沒有空隙
- as a result:「結果」
- 114 學測|混合題|第 2 段Personally I’m against zoos, though I do understand some of the arguments why they should exist.我個人反對動物園,不過我確實理解一些支持動物園存在的論點。
- personally:「就個人而言」
- be against…:「反對…」
- though:放句中,「不過」
- do understand:do 用來加強語氣
- argument:這裡是「論點 / 理由」,不是吵架
- the arguments why…:「…的理由」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段They lick the rails to pick up iron filings caused by the action of wheels against tracks.牠們舔鐵軌,攝取輪子與軌道摩擦產生的鐵屑。
- pick up:「攝取」
- iron filings:「鐵屑」
- the action of wheels against tracks:「輪子與軌道的摩擦作用」
- 106 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段You might speed up healing time by gently pressing a warm washcloth against your eyelid for 10 minutes, 3 or 4 times a day.你可以每天三、四次、每次十分鐘,把溫熱的毛巾輕輕壓在眼皮上,來加快痊癒時間。
- speed up:「加快」
- press A against B:「把 A 壓在 B 上」
- washcloth:「小毛巾」
- might:這裡表示「可能有幫助」,語氣不肯定
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets.不使用時,鉸鏈讓兩片木頭可以緊緊折回靠著櫃子,並由磁鐵固定在原位。
- when not in use:省略 they are
- allow A to V:「讓 A 能夠…」
- fold back up:「折回收起」
- held in place:「固定在原位」
近義字
objectionoppositionresistanceprotestoppose
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