學測考點
back and forth
「來回地」(pacing back and forth)
backs
名詞「背部」(dislocated backs)
come back
「(結果)出來了」(tests came back negative)
學測原句
- 114 學測|混合題|第 6 段My childhood memory of a polar bear pacing back and forth in a very small space in a zoo keeps haunting me.我童年時看到動物園裡的北極熊在狹小空間裡來回踱步,那段記憶一直縈繞在我心頭。
- pace:「踱步」
- back and forth:「來回地」
- polar bear:「北極熊」,polar 是「極地的」
- haunt:「縈繞不去」,haunted house 是鬧鬼的房子,鬼魂纏著人,記憶也像鬼一樣纏著你
- keep + V-ing:「一直…」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段The craze for hoops even resulted in dislocated backs and heart attacks, according to medical records.根據醫療紀錄,對圈圈的狂熱甚至導致背部脫臼和心臟病發作。
- result in…:「導致…」
- dislocated:「脫臼的」,位置(locate)跑掉了
- heart attack:「心臟病發作」
- medical records:「醫療紀錄」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Even when tests came back negative, more were ordered, and she was hospitalized as a precaution when she developed a cold.即使檢驗結果是陰性,還是會再開更多檢驗,她感冒時甚至為了預防而住院。
- come back negative:「結果是陰性」
- hospitalize:「使住院」
- as a precaution:「作為預防措施」
- develop a cold:「感冒」
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 5 段On August 30, 1916, Shackleton finally got back to Elephant Island with a ship big enough to rescue the rest of his men.1916 年 8 月 30 日,Shackleton 終於帶著一艘大到足以救出其餘船員的船回到象島。
- big enough to V:「大到足以…」,enough 放在形容詞後面
- the rest of…:「其餘的…」
- 113 學測|篇章結構|第 1 段While Dr. Weinstein, a surgeon at Dartmouth College, was trying to lift a heavy box, he twisted his back.Dartmouth College 的外科醫師 Weinstein 醫師在試著搬起一個沉重的箱子時,扭傷了背。
- a surgeon at Dartmouth College:同位語,說明 Dr. Weinstein 的身分
- surgeon:「外科醫師」,surgery 是「外科手術」
- twist:「扭到」,本義是「扭轉」
- 背景:達特茅斯學院(Dartmouth College)是美國新罕布夏州的常春藤盟校之一。
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段When part of their heart is removed, they can grow it back in a matter of weeks.心臟的一部分被切除時,牠們幾週內就能長回來。
- remove:「移除」
- grow back:「長回來」
- in a matter of weeks:「在幾週內」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段The idea of Blue Monday dates back to a 2005 campaign by Sky Travel.「憂鬱星期一」的概念,可追溯到 2005 年 Sky Travel 的一項宣傳活動。
- date back to…:「追溯到…」
- campaign:「宣傳活動」
- 背景:Blue Monday(憂鬱星期一)指一月的第三個星期一,被說成一年中最令人憂鬱的一天。
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段It replays the image back through the glasses after processing it on an attached computer.它在附屬電腦處理影像後,透過眼鏡把影像重新播放出來。
- after processing it:after + V-ing
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Pumping this super-salty water back into the ocean can harm local aquatic life.把這種超鹹的水抽回海洋,可能傷害當地的水中生物。
- pump A back into B:「把 A 抽回 B」
- super-salty:「超級鹹的」
- pumping this super-salty water back into the ocean:動名詞片語當主詞
- 105 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Instead, he asked the kidnappers to pay him $250 to take the boy back.相反地,他要求綁匪付他兩百五十美元,他才把男孩帶回去。
- instead:「相反地」
- pay someone $250 to V:「付某人 250 美元來…」
- take back:「帶回去」
- 115 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段The history of dim sum stretches back to the early days of the Silk Road, an ancient network of trade routes connecting the East and the West.點心的歷史可追溯到絲路初期;絲路是連接東西方的古老貿易路線網。
- stretch back to…:「追溯到…」,stretch 是「拉長」,歷史往回拉長到…;也可說 date back to
- , an ancient network of…:同位語,說明 the Silk Road 是什麼
- trade route:「貿易路線」
- 背景:絲路(the Silk Road)是古代連接中國與中亞、歐洲的貿易路線,因中國絲綢是主要商品而得名。
- 115 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段The males sniff it for longer duration and come back to the same spot more frequently, a clear sign that they are gathering information about mating opportunities from the poop.雄犀牛會聞得比較久,也更常回到同一個地點,這明顯顯示牠們正從糞便中蒐集交配機會的資訊。
- sniff:「用鼻子聞」
- duration:「持續的時間」
- , a clear sign that…:用名詞補充說明前面整句話,「這明顯顯示…」
- gather:「蒐集」
- 114 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›As the years have passed by, many of my childhood memories are already blurring; I can no longer recall clearly what happened back then.隨著歲月流逝,我童年的許多記憶已經變得模糊,我再也無法清楚回想當時發生的事。
- as the years have passed by:「隨著歲月流逝」
- recall:「回想」,re-(回)+ call(叫),把記憶叫回來
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Deemed a public hazard, the project was immediately dropped, and traffic lights were banned until their return in 1929 back to the British streets.該計畫被認為是公共危害,立刻中止,紅綠燈也遭禁用,直到 1929 年才回到英國街頭。
- deemed:「被認為」,deem 是正式用字,一般說 consider
- hazard:「危險」,danger 的正式說法
- drop:這裡是「放棄(計畫)」
- ban:「禁止」
- until their return in 1929 back to…:「直到 1929 年才回到…」
- 114 學測|文意選填|第 2 段In fact, there is documented reference to the ringing of bells even before the cathedral's construction was completed, dating as far back as the 12th century.事實上,早在大教堂完工之前,就有關於鐘聲的文獻紀錄,最早可追溯到 12 世紀。
- documented:「有文件記載的」,document 當名詞是「文件」,當動詞是「記錄」
- reference to…:「提及…」
- construction:「建造」
- date back to…:「追溯到…」,dating as far back as the 12th century 是分詞構句,補充說明
- 113 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段When people have sprained a muscle or tendon, they are usually advised not to go right back to exercising until the pain goes away.人們拉傷肌肉或肌腱時,通常會被建議不要馬上回去運動,要等疼痛消失。
- sprain:「扭傷」
- be advised not to V:「被建議不要…」
- go back to V-ing:「回去做…」,to 是介系詞
- go away:「消失」
- 112 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›In order to draw her family tree, Mary tried to trace her ancestors back to their arrival in North America.為了畫出自己的家族樹,Mary 試著把她的祖先追溯到他們抵達北美的時候。
- family tree:「族譜」,家族像樹一樣分枝
- trace A back to B:「把 A 追溯到 B」
- arrival:「抵達」,arrive 的名詞
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Although the term did not emerge until the 18th century, toy hoops twirled around the waist, limbs, or neck can be traced back to ancient times.雖然這個詞直到 18 世紀才出現,但繞著腰、四肢或脖子旋轉的玩具圈,其實可追溯到古代。
- twirled around…:過去分詞,「被繞著…轉動的」
- be traced back to…:「可追溯到…」
- ancient times:「古代」
- 背景:the term 指 hula hoop(呼啦圈)這個詞。
- 111 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段Paper lanterns and offerings are sent floating down rivers to accompany the ancestors back to their resting place.紙燈籠和供品被放到河上漂流而下,陪伴祖先回到安息之處。
- paper lantern:「紙燈籠」
- sent floating down rivers:「被送去順著河漂流」
- resting place:「安息之處」
- 111 學測|篇章結構|第 1 段During this period, many people travel back to their hometowns and spend time with loved ones, both past and present.這段期間,許多人返回家鄉,與摯愛共度時光,包括已逝的與在世的親人。
- period:「期間」
- loved ones:「摯愛的人」
- both past and present:「過去的與現在的」,指已逝與在世的親人
- 111 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段Celebration often begins with mukaebi (welcoming fire), during which people make a small bonfire in front of their house to guide spirits upon their return back home.慶祝活動通常從迎火(mukaebi)開始,人們在家門前點一小堆營火,引導靈魂回家。
- mukaebi:日文「迎火」
- during which:「在這期間」
- upon their return:「一回來時」
- 111 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段Some regions prepare horses made of cucumbers and cows made of eggplants, hoping that the spirits will come back to Earth quickly, on a horse, and leave slowly, riding the cow.有些地區會準備用小黃瓜做的馬和用茄子做的牛,希望靈魂能騎馬快點回到人間,再騎牛慢慢離開。
- cucumber:「小黃瓜」
- made of…:「用…做成的」,of 指是某事物的一部分,所以材料本身沒有改變,仍看得出是小黃瓜、茄子
- hoping that…:分詞構句,「希望…」
- riding the cow:分詞構句,同時進行,「騎著牛」
- 109 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Let's send it back to the manufacturer to have it inspected and repaired.我們把它送回製造商,請他們檢查和修理吧。
- have it inspected and repaired:have + 受詞 + 過去分詞,「請人檢查和修理」
- inspect:「檢查」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段The art and tradition of using all-natural paste from the henna plant to create temporary henna tattoos goes back to ancient Asia and the Middle East.用海娜植物的純天然膏體製作暫時性刺青的藝術與傳統,可以追溯到古代的亞洲和中東。
- henna:「海娜(指甲花)」
- go back to…:「追溯到…」
- the Middle East:「中東」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段In addition, the leftover material following the removal of fibers can even be used as a natural fertilizer back in the pineapple fields.此外,取出纖維後剩下的材料,甚至可以當作天然肥料,回到鳳梨田裡。
- in addition:「此外」
- 107 學測|文意選填|第 2 段One of these stories traces the cookie's origin back to 13th- and 14th-century China, which was then occupied by the Mongols.其中一個說法把餅乾的起源追溯到十三、十四世紀被蒙古人占領的中國。
- trace A back to B:「把 A 追溯到 B」
- occupy:「占領」,這裡用被動,China 被蒙古人占領
- which was then occupied:then 是「當時」
- 13th- and 14th-century:13th- 後面省略了 century,完整是 13th-century and 14th-century,兩個合在一起修飾 China,century 不加 s
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets.不使用時,鉸鏈讓兩片木頭可以緊緊折回靠著櫃子,並由磁鐵固定在原位。
- when not in use:省略 they are
- allow A to V:「讓 A 能夠…」
- fold back up:「折回收起」
- held in place:「固定在原位」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Many times nowadays, it is the children who teach the songs to their parents, putting back the pieces of a blurred memory.”如今很多時候,是孩子把歌教給父母,把模糊記憶的碎片拼回來。」
- it is the children who…:強調句型,強調 the children
- putting back the pieces of…:分詞構句,表示結果
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段Small amounts of regular activity, even just standing and moving around, throughout the day is enough to bring the increased levels back down.在一天中規律地做少量活動,即使只是站起來四處走動,也足以讓升高的數值降回來。
- small amounts of…:「少量的…」
- throughout the day:「整天」
- bring…back down:「讓…降回來」
- is enough to V:「足以…」
- levels:這裡指血糖與血壓的數值;主詞 amounts 是複數,原文 is 應為 are
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Despite their great variety, however, most domesticated apples can be traced back to a common ancestor, the wild apple of Central Asia, Malus sieversii.然而,儘管品種繁多,大多數馴化的蘋果都可追溯到同一個祖先:中亞的野蘋果 Malus sieversii。
- despite:「儘管」,後面接名詞
- domesticated:「馴化的、栽培的」
- be traced back to…:「被追溯到…」
- ancestor:「祖先」,c 讀 s
- Malus sieversii:學名,不用背
想把學測單字一次整理好、邊背邊做筆記?
