學測考點
助動詞 + be + p.p.(被動)
「可以被…」:助動詞 + be + 過去分詞
- can be used to show
- can be traced back to
- can be set aside
- should be done
- should be avoided
- may be trapped and smothered by
- may be triggered by
- could be stretched and twisted
- would never be revealed
- can be nurtured and encouraged
has to / need to / have to be + p.p.
「必須被…」:has to / need to / have to be + 過去分詞
- water has to be poured into the glass hemispheres
- fingers have to be slightly wet
- needed to be done for a scene
- had to be hospitalized
- it had to be watered several times a day
助動詞 + be + 名詞 / 形容詞
「可以是…、可能是…」:助動詞 + be + 名詞或形容詞
- can actually be more effective than drinking water
- may be necessary
- can be fatal
- could be the key to Mexico's energy
- will be more severe
- must be free from impurity
- might be annoying
- should really be a measure of last resort
- you can be an everyday Jane Doe
be found / thought / considered / assumed to be…
「被發現 / 認為 / 視為 / 假設為…」:後面接 to be
- is found to be better preserved
- once thought to be extremely rare
- were considered to be symbols of eternal life
- are assumed to be an inherited feature
- are found to be about 30 percent less active
- has proved to be very fruitful
turn out to be / seem to be
「結果是 / 似乎是」:turn out to be、seem to be
- turned out to be successful
- turned out to be a mischievous boy
- there seems to be no solid evidence
there + be
「有…」:there 後面接 be 動詞,真正的主詞在 be 後面
- there will always be a demand
- there would be a decrease of 20 percent
- there would be a real chance of running aground
used to be
「過去曾經是…」:used to 表示過去的狀態,現在已經不是了
- used to be accused of making
- used to be square in shape
- used to be an airline ticketing agent
- it used to be that
be supposed to / be willing to
「應該 / 願意」:be supposed to「應該」、be willing to「願意」(supposed to be a healthy choice、willing to sing, I will always be there for them)
學測原句
每個學測考點各列 1–2 句,想看全部的學測原句,請按下方的按鈕。
- 112 學測|混合題|第 2 段Isn’t it supposed to be a healthy choice?它不是應該是健康的選擇嗎?
- be supposed to V:「應該…、被期待…」
- isn't it supposed to be…:用否定問句表示驚訝
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 4 段As long as the children are willing to sing, I will always be there for them, singing with them and leading them to experience the meaning of the ballads.”只要孩子願意唱,我就會一直在他們身邊,和他們一起唱,帶領他們體會民謠的意義。」
- as long as…:「只要…」
- be willing to V:「願意…」
- lead someone to V:「帶領某人…」
- the meaning of the ballads:「民謠的意義」
- 108 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›It can be used to show, for example, disagreement or lack of interest.例如,它可以用來表示不同意或缺乏興趣。
- 這句和上一句是同一題,空格在上一句(答案 expressive);沉默可以表達不同意或沒興趣,所以說它有表達力
- for example 插在句中
- lack of interest:「缺乏興趣」
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Despite their great variety, however, most domesticated apples can be traced back to a common ancestor, the wild apple of Central Asia, Malus sieversii.然而,儘管品種繁多,大多數馴化的蘋果都可追溯到同一個祖先:中亞的野蘋果 Malus sieversii。
- despite:「儘管」,後面接名詞
- domesticated:「馴化的、栽培的」
- be traced back to…:「被追溯到…」
- ancestor:「祖先」,c 讀 s
- Malus sieversii:學名,不用背
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇Water has to be poured into the glass hemispheres.水必須倒進玻璃半球裡。
- have to be p.p.:「必須被…」
- pour:「倒」
- hemisphere:「半球」,北半球就是 the Northern Hemisphere
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇The performer’s fingers have to be slightly wet when playing it.演奏者在演奏它時,手指必須稍微保持濕潤。
- performer:「演奏者」
- when playing it:省略 the performer is,演奏的人是 performer,不是 fingers
- 112 學測|文意選填|第 2 段For this reason, milk can actually be more effective than drinking water.因此,牛奶其實可能比喝水更有效。
- for this reason:「因為這個原因」
- can actually be…:「其實可能是…」
- 113 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段They nevertheless caution that a cutback may be necessary, such as running shorter distances or going more slowly.不過他們也提醒,可能需要減量,例如跑短一點的距離,或放慢速度。
- nevertheless:「儘管如此」,副詞
- caution that…:「提醒…」,caution 當動詞
- cutback:「縮減」,cut back 是砍回去、減少
- such as…:「例如…」
- 115 學測|文意選填|第 3 段The brain size of habitual nappers, however, is found to be better preserved.不過,研究發現有小睡習慣的人,大腦的大小保持得比較好。
- habitual:「習慣性的」,habit 的形容詞
- napper:「小睡的人」
- preserve:「保存」,這裡指大腦「保持得較好」
- 112 學測|篇章結構|第 5 段Once thought to be extremely rare, synesthesia is now found to affect about one to four percent of the population.共感覺曾被認為極為罕見,現在發現約影響百分之一到四的人口。
- once thought to be…:過去分詞構句,「曾被認為是…」
- extremely rare:「極為罕見的」
- population:這裡是「人口、一般大眾」
- 107 學測|文意選填|第 2 段The revolution turned out to be successful and eventually led to the formation of the Ming Dynasty.這場革命最後成功了,並終於促成明朝的建立。
- turn out to be…:「結果是…」
- lead to…:「導致…」
- formation:「形成」,form 的名詞
- 105 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Their young captive turned out to be a mischievous boy.他們年幼的俘虜結果是個調皮的男孩。
- turn out to be…:「結果是…」
- mischievous:「調皮的」,重音在前面,讀 MIS-chi-vus,不是 mis-CHEE-vee-us
- 111 學測|文意選填|第 4 段However, CGI has difficulties of its own, and there will always be a demand for the realism and thrilling sensation of an actual stunt.然而,CGI 本身也有困難,大家對真實特技的真實感與刺激感,會一直有需求。
- difficulties of its own:「它自己的困難」
- there will always be a demand for…:「永遠會有對…的需求」
- realism:「真實感」
- thrilling sensation:「令人興奮的刺激感」
- 110 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段It was predicted that there would be a decrease of 20 percent in the pigeon population in the first year and between 70 and 80 percent in four or five years.預期鴿子數量第一年會減少 20%,四到五年內會減少 70% 到 80%。
- predict:「預測」
- there would be a decrease of 20 percent:「會減少 20%」
- between 70 and 80 percent:「70% 到 80% 之間」
- 112 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段People with synesthesia used to be accused of making their experiences up.以前,有共感覺的人常被指責是在編造自己的經驗。
- used to V:「以前…」
- be accused of V-ing:「被指控…」
- make up:「編造」,名詞受詞可以放中間(make their experiences up);代名詞受詞一定要放中間(make them up)
- 111 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段In the early days of aviation, plane windows used to be square in shape.在航空業早期,飛機窗戶過去是方形的。
- used to V:「過去曾經…」
- square in shape:「形狀是方形」
- 107 學測|文意選填|第 1 段None of them, however, has been proven to be entirely true.然而,沒有一種說法被證明完全屬實。
- none of them:「沒有一個」,後面用單數動詞 has
- be proven to be…:「被證明是…」
- 115 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段It is meant to be an enjoyable dining experience that can span hours.它本來就是一種可以長達數小時的愉快用餐體驗。
- be meant to be…:「本來就是要…」
- span:「橫跨(一段時間)」,span hours:「長達數小時」
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 2 篇Which of the following statements about horror movies can be inferred from the passage?根據文章,關於恐怖片的哪項敘述可以推論得知?
- 試題固定問法:問可以推論出什麼;infer「推論」,文章沒有直接寫出來,要從內容推得出來
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 2 篇What can be inferred from the passage?從這篇文章可以推論出什麼?
- 試題固定問法:問可以推論出什麼;infer「推論」,文章沒有直接寫出來,要從內容推得出來
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 5 段If that works, human trials will be next on the agenda.如果成功,下一步就是人體試驗。
- if that works:「如果那行得通」
- human trials:「人體試驗」
- on the agenda:「在議程上」,也就是下一步要做的
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 1 段Exercise doesn't always have to be laborious.運動不一定要很辛苦。
- laborious:「費力的」,labor 是「勞動」
- doesn't always have to…:「不一定要…」
- 109 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›No one deserves to be laughed at for their pronunciation.沒有人應該因為發音而被嘲笑。
- 這句和上一句是同一題,空格在上一句(答案 mock);laughed at 就是被嘲笑
- deserve to V:「應該得到…」
- be laughed at:「被嘲笑」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Your health might thus be endangered.因此你的健康可能受到威脅。
- endanger:「使陷入危險」,en-(使)+ danger
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Thus, it can be nurtured and encouraged.因此,創造力可以被培養與鼓勵。
- nurture:「培育」,本來是「養育小孩」
- encourage:「鼓勵」
- 106 學測|文意選填|第 1 段Onions were considered to be symbols of eternal life.洋蔥被視為永生的象徵。
- be considered to be…:「被視為…」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 4 篇What can be inferred from the study?從這項研究可以推論出什麼?
- 試題固定問法:問可以推論出什麼;infer「推論」,文章沒有直接寫出來,要從內容推得出來
- 104 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›For safety reasons, it shouldn't be overloaded.基於安全理由,不應該超載。
- for safety reasons:「基於安全理由」
- overload:「超載」,over(過度)+ load(載重)
- shouldn't be overloaded:被動語態
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 2 篇Which of the following statements can be inferred about spiral staircases in the Medieval Ages?關於中世紀的螺旋梯,下列哪項敘述可以推論得知?
- 試題固定問法:問可以推論出什麼;infer「推論」,文章沒有直接寫出來,要從內容推得出來
- the Medieval Ages:「中世紀」,較常見的說法是 the Middle Ages
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 5 段In perhaps our most common interaction with maps—the use of GPS systems on our phones and in our cars, directions have ceased to be as important.在我們最常使用地圖的方式——手機和車上的 GPS——裡,方位已經不再那麼重要了。
- interaction with…:「和…互動」;GPS 那一串是同位語,解釋前面的 interaction with maps
- cease to be…:「不再是…」,cease 是 stop 的書面字
- 115 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段While in most cultures smiling is associated with positive emotions, in certain cultures the same person can be judged as less intelligent when smiling.雖然在多數文化裡微笑讓人聯想到正面情緒,但在某些文化中,同一個人微笑時反而會被認為比較不聰明。
- while…:「雖然」,帶出對比
- be associated with…:「與…聯想在一起」
- be judged as…:「被評為…」
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段He saw no reason why this could not be adapted for use on the busy London intersections.他認為沒有理由不能把這套系統改造後用在倫敦繁忙的路口。
- see no reason why…:「看不出為什麼不能…」,意思是認為可以
- adapt A for B:「把 A 改造成適合 B」
- this:指前面的 signaling system
- for use on…:「用在…上」
- 114 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Racist remarks are by nature offensive and hurtful, and should be avoided on all occasions.種族歧視的言論本質上就具有冒犯性、會傷人,在任何場合都應該避免。
- racist remarks:「種族歧視的言論」,race + ist
- by nature:「本質上」
- on all occasions:「在任何場合」
- 114 學測|篇章結構|第 4 段While offering budget-conscious travelers a unique option, capsule hotels may not be suitable for everyone.膠囊旅館雖然為精打細算的旅客提供了獨特的選擇,卻不一定適合每個人。
- while + V-ing:「雖然…,但是…」,表讓步
- budget-conscious:「很在意預算的」,conscious 是「意識到的」
- not… everyone:「不是每個人都…」,部分否定
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段Typically featuring zombies and serial killers, horror movies are too frightening to be fun for some people.恐怖片通常以殭屍和連環殺手為特色,對某些人來說太可怕,一點也不好玩。
- typically featuring…:分詞構句,feature 當動詞是「以…為特色」
- serial killer:「連環殺手」,serial 是「連續的」,series 是「系列」
- too… to V:「太…而不能…」
- frightening:「可怕的」,fright 是「驚嚇」
- 114 學測|文意選填|第 4 段The sounds of Notre-Dame bells once again filled the air in Paris, and will be heard for generations to come.聖母院的鐘聲再度響徹巴黎的空中,而且將繼續流傳好幾代。
- fill the air:「瀰漫在空中」,鐘聲充滿空氣
- once again:「再一次」
- for generations to come:「未來好幾代」,to come 修飾 generations
- 114 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段The walls of each capsule may be made of wood, metal or any rigid material, but are often fiberglass or plastic.每個膠囊的牆壁可能由木頭、金屬或任何堅硬的材料製成,但通常是玻璃纖維或塑膠。
- be made of…:「由…製成」,of 指是某事物的一部分,所以材料本身沒有改變,仍看得出原料是什麼
- rigid:「堅硬的」
- fiberglass:「玻璃纖維」,fiber 是「纖維」,glass 是「玻璃」
- but are often fiberglass:省略 made of
- 114 學測|混合題|第 5 段To me, a zoo can be a good place for endangered species which have difficulty finding suitable mates in the wild.對我來說,動物園對於在野外難以找到合適配偶的瀕危物種,可以是個好地方。
- to me:「依我看」
- have difficulty (in) V-ing:「做…有困難」
- mate:這裡指「交配對象 / 配偶」
- in the wild:「在野外」
- suitable:「合適的」
- 114 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›If you put a container under a leaking faucet, you will be surprised at the amount of water collected in 24 hours.如果你在漏水的水龍頭下放一個容器,會很驚訝 24 小時內收集到的水量。
- leaking faucet:「漏水的水龍頭」,leak 是「漏」
- the amount of water:「水量」,amount 搭配不可數名詞
- collected in 24 hours:「24 小時內累積的」,過去分詞修飾 water
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Installed in Detroit in 1920, Potts’ three-color system allowed for the added signal “proceed with caution” to be displayed.Potts 的三色系統於 1920 年裝設在底特律,讓新增的「謹慎前進」信號得以顯示。
- installed in…:分詞構句,交代裝設的時間與地點,不是在說原因
- allow for…:「使…成為可能」
- the added signal:「新增的信號」
- proceed with caution:「小心前進」,proceed 是「繼續前進」
- display:「顯示」
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段For those with unpleasant experiences, trauma may be triggered by the themes and images in the movies, which could make their symptoms worse.對有過不愉快經驗的人來說,電影中的主題與畫面可能觸發創傷,讓症狀更嚴重。
- those with…:「有…的人」
- trauma:「創傷」,身心受到的傷害
- trigger:「觸發」,名詞是槍的「扳機」,扣扳機就引發
- which:指前面整件事
- 114 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段A typical room of a capsule hotel is roughly the length and width of a single bed, with sufficient height for a guest to crawl in and sit up on the bed.膠囊旅館的典型房間,長寬大致等於一張單人床,高度足以讓客人爬進去、在床上坐起來。
- roughly:「大致上」
- the length and width of…:「…的長與寬」
- with + 名詞:「具備…」
- sufficient:「足夠的」,一般說 enough
- sit up:「坐起來」
- 114 學測|混合題|第 10 段Fostering empathy…By seeing an animal up close, the public could be encouraged to be more sensitive and compassionate to a species that is facing extinction in the wild.培養同理心……近距離看到動物,大眾可能會更敏感,也更有同情心,去對待在野外面臨絕種的物種。
- foster:「培養 / 促進」,本義是「寄養」,像養育孩子一樣慢慢培養
- up close:「近距離」
- compassionate:「有同情心的」,名詞是 compassion
- face:這裡是「面臨」
- the public:「大眾」
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段In addition, studies show that the thrill and excitement linked with scary films can be therapeutic: It allows viewers to release bottled-up emotions and experience a sense of relief after the movie is over.此外,研究顯示,恐怖片帶來的刺激與興奮可能具有療癒效果:讓觀眾釋放壓抑的情緒,並在電影結束後感到如釋重負。
- linked with…:「與…相關的」
- thrill:「刺激感」
- therapeutic:「有療效的」,therapy 是「治療」
- bottled-up:「悶在心裡的」,像情緒被塞進瓶子裡
- a sense of relief:「如釋重負的感覺」,relief 是「鬆一口氣」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Such deep and extensive burns can be fatal.這種又深又廣的燒傷可能致命。
- extensive:「大範圍的」,extend 是「延伸」
- burns:這裡是名詞,「燒傷」
- fatal:「致命的」,fate 是「命運」,命中注定死亡
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 1 篇Cotton was not durable enough to be used as its materials.棉不夠耐用,不適合當作它的材料。
- enough to V:「足夠…」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇Cross-field collaboration has proved to be very fruitful for 100% Fish.跨領域合作已證明對 100% Fish 非常有成果。
- cross-field:「跨領域的」
- collaboration:「合作」,co- + labor
- prove to be…:「證明是…」
- fruitful:「有成果的」,fruit + ful
- 113 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段They may also pretend to be difficult customers, arguing with a salesperson without a good reason.他們也可能假裝是難搞的顧客,無緣無故和銷售人員爭論。
- pretend to V:「假裝…」
- difficult customer:「難搞的顧客」
- argue with someone:「和某人爭論」
- without a good reason:「沒有正當理由」
- salesperson:「銷售人員」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段Since the painter’s work appeared, Yellowstone National Park has come to be known as a picturesque wonderland.自從這位畫家的作品問世,黃石國家公園就逐漸被認為是風景如畫的奇境。
- since…, has come to be known as…:「從…以來,逐漸被認為是…」
- picturesque:「風景如畫的」,picture + esque(像…的)
- wonderland:「奇境」,wonder + land
- 113 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段The modern worker rolls out of bed, groans, and turns off an alarm clock before reluctantly getting up for the day's work.現代上班族懶洋洋地翻身下床,呻吟一聲,關掉鬧鐘,才不情願地起身去上班。
- roll out of bed:「懶洋洋地下床」,字面是滾下床,形容不想動、勉強爬起來
- groan:「呻吟 / 哀嘆」
- turn off:「關掉」
- reluctantly:「不情願地」,reluctant 是「不情願的」
- the day's work:「一天的工作」
- 113 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›David felt disappointed when he found out that he could not choose his study partners, but would be randomly placed in a study group.David 發現自己不能選學習夥伴,而是會被隨機分到一個學習小組時,感到很失望。
- find out that…:「發現…」
- study partner:「學習夥伴」
- be placed in…:「被分到…」
- 113 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Sasaki stated in an interview: "Because my thoughts couldn't be passed on through a regular phone line, I wanted them to be carried on the wind."Sasaki 在訪談中表示:「因為我的思念沒辦法透過一般電話線傳過去,所以我希望它們被風帶過去。」
- state:「陳述」,say 的正式說法
- pass on:「傳遞」
- want something to be carried:「希望…被帶走」
- regular:「一般的」
- 113 學測|混合題|第 3 段However, since these trails can easily be broken by wind or rain, the ants have to find new paths to get around the broken points and reestablish the network.然而,由於這些路徑很容易被風雨破壞,螞蟻必須找出新的路徑繞過斷點,重建網絡。
- get around…:「繞過…」
- broken points:「斷點」
- reestablish:「重建」,re-(再)+ establish
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段His vivid paintings brought the splendor of the extraordinary landscapes before the eyes of American people, thus setting the stage for the regions to be widely recognized and officially established as national parks.他生動的畫作,把這些非凡風景的壯麗帶到美國人眼前,因而為這些地區被廣泛認識、並正式設立為國家公園鋪好了路。
- extraordinary:「非凡的」,extra-(超出)+ ordinary(普通)
- bring A before the eyes of…:「把 A 呈現在…眼前」
- set the stage for…:「為…鋪路」,舞台搭好,事情才能上演
- recognize:「認可」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The trenches, however, can be death traps for the elephants.不過,這些溝對大象來說可能是死亡陷阱。
- death trap:「死亡陷阱」
- 112 學測|文意選填|第 3 段At that point, it might be well past the best moment to take in fluid.到那個時候,可能已經遠遠超過補充水分的最佳時機了。
- at that point:「到那時」
- well past…:「遠遠超過…」,well 加強語氣
- take in:「攝取」
- fluid:「水分 / 液體」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 3 篇Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about Zanzibar?關於 Zanzibar,下列哪一項可以從文章推論得知?
- 試題固定問法:問可以推論出什麼;infer「推論」,文章沒有直接寫出來,要從內容推得出來
- 112 學測|篇章結構|第 5 段Some studies even show that people may all be synesthetic to some degree.有些研究甚至顯示,人們可能都在某種程度上具有共感覺。
- may all be…:「可能都是…」
- to some degree:「在某種程度上」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段When mothers try to dig their babies out, both may be trapped and smothered by thick mud.母象想把小象挖出來時,兩隻可能都被困住,被厚厚的泥悶住而窒息。
- dig someone out:「把…挖出來」
- trap:「困住」
- smother:「悶住、使窒息」
- thick mud:「厚厚的泥」
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Such a syndrome is considered the top health risk for the astronauts, and scientists are still trying to figure out how it may be prevented.這種症候群被視為太空人最大的健康風險,科學家仍在設法找出如何預防。
- be considered…:「被視為…」
- top:這裡是形容詞,「最高的」
- figure out:「想出」,figure 有「數字」的意思,可聯想成把數字算出來,out 是「出來」,算出答案就是「想出」
- how it may be prevented:間接問句,語序是主詞 + 動詞
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Although the term did not emerge until the 18th century, toy hoops twirled around the waist, limbs, or neck can be traced back to ancient times.雖然這個詞直到 18 世紀才出現,但繞著腰、四肢或脖子旋轉的玩具圈,其實可追溯到古代。
- twirled around…:過去分詞,「被繞著…轉動的」
- be traced back to…:「可追溯到…」
- ancient times:「古代」
- 背景:the term 指 hula hoop(呼啦圈)這個詞。
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段But baby elephants, not used to negotiating rough ground, may easily fall into the trenches and get hurt; and once injured, they might not be able to climb out.但小象不習慣走崎嶇的地面,很容易掉進溝裡受傷;一旦受傷,可能就爬不出來。
- negotiate:這裡是「通過、越過(困難的地形)」,不是「談判」
- rough ground:「崎嶇的地面」
- not used to V-ing:「不習慣…」
- once injured:省略 they are
- climb out:「爬出來」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段The organization believes that people may be motivated to buy elephant-friendly brands when they know more about the risk tea can pose to these endangered animals.這個組織相信,當人們更了解茶可能對這些瀕臨絕種的動物造成什麼風險時,可能會被激勵去買對大象友善的品牌。
- be motivated to V:「被激勵去…」
- pose a risk to…:「對…構成風險」
- the risk (that) tea can pose:省略關係代名詞
- 112 學測|混合題(題目)From (A) to (H) in the above chatroom discussions, which ones show that GreenBurger can be a choice for the chatroom participants themselves only under certain circumstances?從上面聊天室討論的 (A) 到 (H) 中,哪些顯示 GreenBurger 只在某些情況下,才會是聊天室參與者自己的選擇?
- 多選題
- under certain circumstances:「在某些情況下」
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段This "Charlie Brown effect" will be more severe when the astronauts go on their Mars missions, which will take about three years to complete, much longer than missions to the moon.太空人執行火星任務時,這種「查理布朗效應」會更嚴重,因為任務約要三年才能完成,比登月任務長得多。
- go on a mission:「執行任務」;which 指 Mars missions
- take…to complete:「花…完成」
- much longer than…:much 加強比較級
- missions to the moon:「登月任務」
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Additionally, by having branches that do not touch those of their neighbors, trees may be able to limit the spread of leaf-eating insects, and potentially also the transmission of diseases from tree to tree.此外,藉由讓樹枝不碰到鄰樹的樹枝,樹木也許能限制食葉昆蟲的擴散,還可能限制疾病在樹與樹之間傳播。
- by having…:「藉由擁有…」
- those of their neighbors:those 指 the branches
- leaf-eating insects:「食葉昆蟲」
- transmission:「傳播」,transmit 是「傳送」
- from tree to tree:「一棵傳一棵」,名詞不加冠詞
- 111 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The original budget for my round-island trip was NT$5,000, but the eventual cost is likely to be 50 percent higher.我環島旅行的原始預算是新台幣 5,000 元,但最終花費可能會高出 50%。
- original budget:「原始預算」
- round-island trip:「環島旅行」
- be likely to V:「可能會…」
- 50 percent higher:「高出 50%」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段If the process can be replicated in humans, it may give rise to new treatments for blindness caused by retinal damage.如果這個過程能在人類身上複製,可能催生治療視網膜受損所致失明的新療法。
- replicate:「複製」
- give rise to…:「引起、催生」
- treatment:「療法」
- blindness caused by retinal damage:「視網膜受損造成的失明」
- 111 學測|文意選填|第 2 段If something dangerous needed to be done for a scene, the producers would hire anyone crazy or desperate enough to do it.如果場景需要做危險的事,製片人會雇用任何瘋狂或絕望到願意去做的人。
- would hire:表示過去的習慣
- desperate:「絕望的」,不顧一切的
- adj + enough to V:「夠…而能…」,crazy or desperate enough to do it
- producer:「製片人」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Bullard, having witnessed the life-saving power of the metal helmet in the War, decided to produce a head protection device that was affordable for every worker and lightweight enough to be worn all day long.Bullard 在戰爭中目睹金屬頭盔救命的威力,決定生產一種每個工人都買得起、又輕到能整天戴著的頭部防護裝置。
- having witnessed…:完成式分詞構句,「已經目睹…」
- adj + enough to V:「夠…而能…」
- all day long:「一整天」
- 111 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段The feel of a book, the smell, the weight, and the knowledge that a particular book might be more than a hundred years old—all these highlight the importance of preserving the physical book as a complement to technology.書的觸感、氣味、重量,以及知道某一本書可能已有一百多年歷史,這一切都凸顯了保存實體書、把它當作科技補充的重要性。
- 破折號前面是並列的名詞片語,列出實體書帶給人的感受,all these 就是指這些;that a particular book might be… 是在說明 knowledge 的內容
- might be more than…:「可能超過…」
- highlight:「凸顯」
- preserve:「保存」
- physical book:「實體書」
- complement:「補充物」,和 compliment(稱讚)拼法不同
- as a complement to…:「作為…的補充」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇Concert halls became too big for its music to be heard by the audience.音樂廳變得太大,觀眾聽不見它的音樂。
- too…for A to be p.p.:「太…以致 A 無法被…」
- concert hall:「音樂廳」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 5 段If it can be expanded, the prickly pear could be the key to Mexico’s energy future.如果能擴大規模,這種仙人掌可能成為墨西哥未來能源的關鍵。
- expand:「擴大」
- the key to…:「…的關鍵」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 1 段Doing exercise makes you happy, and you don't have to be a fitness fanatic to do it.運動讓你快樂,而且你不必是健身狂也能做到。
- fitness fanatic:「健身狂熱者」,fanatic 是「狂熱者」;do it 指 do exercise
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段It was at this time that passports as we would recognize them today began to be used.正是在這個時候,我們今天認得的那種護照才開始被使用。
- it was at this time that…:強調句型,強調 at this time
- as we would recognize them today:「像我們今天會認得的那樣」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 2 段In fact, current health studies prove that exercise doesn't have to hurt to be effective.事實上,目前的健康研究證明,運動不必痛才有效。
- current:「目前的」
- 110 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The problem of illegal drug use is very complex and cannot be traced to merely one singular reason.非法使用毒品的問題非常複雜,無法歸咎於單一原因。
- illegal drug use:「非法使用毒品」
- be traced to…:「追溯到…」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 1 段Then you'll be well on your way to using physical activity as a tool to make you feel better every day.這樣你就能順利把身體活動當成工具,讓自己每天感覺更好。
- well on your way to V-ing:「已經朝…走了很遠」,表示進行順利
- physical activity:「身體活動」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Concert reviews from the period mourned the fact that the armonica sounded wonderful—only when it could be heard.當時的音樂會評論都哀嘆,玻璃琴只有在聽得到的時候才聽起來美妙。
- from the period:「來自那個時期」
- mourn:「哀嘆」
- mourn the fact that…:「哀嘆…這個事實」
- only when it could be heard:「只有在聽得到的時候」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段For example, when the riders scan the band at the Off-Road Adventure, a photo will be taken and sent to their email.例如,乘客在 Off-Road Adventure 掃描手環時,會拍下一張照片並寄到他們的電子郵件。
- a photo will be taken and sent to…:被動語態,「照片會被拍下並寄到…」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 2 段According to fitness trainers, physically demanding exercises may make you breathe heavily and your muscles may ache temporarily, but exercise should not be painful.健身教練指出,耗費體力的運動可能讓你大口喘氣、肌肉暫時痠痛,但運動不應造成疼痛。
- physically demanding:「體力要求高的」
- breathe heavily:「大口喘氣」
- ache:「痠痛」
- painful:這裡是「造成疼痛的」
- 110 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段In fact, a visit to a major European city just would not be the same without encountering them: bathing in fountains, perching on historic buildings, and flocking in public squares.事實上,到歐洲大城市旅遊,少了與牠們的相遇就不算完整:牠們在噴泉裡洗澡、停在歷史建築上、成群聚在公共廣場。
- would not be the same without…:「少了…就不一樣」
- encounter:「遇見」
- bathe:「洗澡」
- perch:「棲息、停在」
- flock:這裡是動詞,「成群聚集」,名詞是「鳥群」
- public square:「公共廣場」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Music was moving out of the relatively small halls of Mozart’s day into the large concert halls of the 19th century, and without amplification, the glass armonica simply couldn’t be heard.音樂的演出空間正從莫札特時代相對較小的廳堂,轉移到 19 世紀的大型音樂廳,而沒有擴音設備,玻璃琴根本聽不見。
- hall:「廳堂」
- concert hall:「音樂廳」
- amplification:「擴音」
- simply couldn't be heard:「就是聽不到」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Without the services of a marine pilot, docking ships would be hazardous.沒有引水人的服務,船隻靠岸會很危險。
- dock:這裡是動詞,「靠岸」
- without the services of…:「沒有…的服務」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段As they were moving, the energy of the droplets in motion would be released.移動時,運動中水滴的能量會被釋放出來。
- in motion:「運動中的」
- release:「釋放」
- 109 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Such dimples tend to occur in families, and are assumed to be an inherited feature.這類酒窩往往在家族中出現,被認為是遺傳特徵。
- tend to V:「往往會…」
- be assumed to be…:「被假定是…」
- inherited:「遺傳的」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Olive oil spoils quickly when exposed to direct sunlight, so it should be stored in the dark at 16-18°C.橄欖油暴露在直射陽光下會很快變質,所以應存放在攝氏 16 到 18 度的黑暗處。
- be exposed to…:「暴露在…」
- direct sunlight:「直射陽光」
- store:「儲存」
- in the dark:「在黑暗中」
- 109 學測|文意選填|第 4 段For those people who were born without natural dimples, various methods can be applied to successfully create them.對於天生沒有酒窩的人,可以用各種方法成功製造酒窩。
- those people who were born without…:「天生沒有…的人」
- apply:這裡是「使用」
- 109 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Ancient Athens, famous for its early development of the democratic system, is often said to be the cradle of democracy.古雅典以早期發展民主制度聞名,常被說是民主的搖籃。
- be famous for…:「以…聞名」
- democratic system:「民主制度」
- is often said to be…:「常被說是…」
- 109 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The candy can no longer be sold because it was found to contain artificial ingredients far beyond the permissible level.這種糖果不能再販售,因為被發現含有遠超出容許標準的人工成分。
- artificial ingredients:「人工成分」
- contain:「含有」
- far beyond…:「遠遠超過…」
- 109 學測|文意選填|第 1 段Some cultures are found to show preference for dimples on one's cheeks, as the feature is claimed to be a sign of attractiveness.研究發現,有些文化偏好臉頰上有酒窩,因為這個特徵被說成是吸引力的象徵。
- be found to V:「被發現…」
- preference for…:「偏好…」
- be claimed to be…:「被宣稱是…」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段The scholar then developed an equation to find the most depressing day of the year, and it turned out to be the third Monday in January.這位學者接著設計了一個公式,找出一年中最令人沮喪的一天,結果是一月的第三個星期一。
- equation:「公式、方程式」
- turn out to be…:「結果是…」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段It must be free from impurity, while exhibiting some fruitiness and creating a pleasant bitter flavor along with a peppery sensation in the mouth.它必須不含雜質,同時展現果香,並在口中帶出愉悅的苦味和辛辣感。
- free from…:「不含…」
- exhibit:「展現」
- peppery:「辛辣的」,pepper 是「胡椒」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段To be qualified as “extra virgin,” the oil must also pass both an official test in a laboratory and a sensory evaluation by a trained tasting panel.要符合「特級初榨」的資格,這種油還必須通過實驗室的官方檢驗,以及訓練有素的品油小組的感官評鑑。
- be qualified as…:「具備…的資格」
- sensory evaluation:「感官評鑑」,sensory 與 sense(感官)有關
- panel:「評審小組」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 5 段Future plans include static barking sites where deer are commonly seen, but “the noises will not be blared in areas where people live beside the tracks.”未來的計畫包括在常看到鹿的地方設置固定的吠叫站,但「在鐵軌旁有人居住的地區,不會大聲播放噪音」。
- static:「固定的」
- barking site:「吠叫站」
- blare:「大聲播放」
- beside the tracks:「在鐵軌旁」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段There would be a real chance of running aground and damaging the ship and the cargo, some of which might be dangerous if released into a water-based ecosystem.船真的有可能擱淺,損壞船隻與貨物,其中一些貨物若釋放到水域生態系,可能很危險。
- a real chance of V-ing:「真的有可能…」
- run aground:「擱淺」
- some of which might be dangerous if released:which 指 cargo
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Foggers, or bug bombs, should really be a measure of last resort.殺蟲煙霧劑(殺蟲彈)真的應該是最後的手段。
- measure:這裡是「措施、手段」
- a measure of last resort:「最後的手段」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段The device, for instance, can be set to release one's favorite flavor.例如,這個裝置可以設定成釋放使用者最愛的香味。
- for instance:「例如」
- be set to V:「被設定成…」
- 108 學測|文意選填|第 2 段They also believed the secrets in their families would never be revealed.他們也相信自己家裡的祕密永遠不會被洩漏。
- reveal:「洩漏」
- would never be revealed:過去式的未來,「永遠不會被洩漏」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段Moreover, bugs that do come in contact with the mist may be resistant to the pesticide.此外,真的接觸到噴霧的蟲,可能對殺蟲劑有抗藥性。
- come in contact with…:「與…接觸」
- be resistant to…:「對…有抵抗力」,resist 是「抵抗」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Second, once a bug bomb is used, every surface in your home will be covered with the toxic pesticide.其次,一旦使用殺蟲彈,家中每個表面都會覆蓋有毒的殺蟲劑。
- second:「其次」
- be covered with…:「被…覆蓋」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段But pineapples can also be a fashionable fruit: Pineapple leaves can serve as a substitute for leather.但鳳梨也可以是時尚的水果:鳳梨葉可以替代皮革。
- fashionable:「時尚的」
- serve as…:「作為…」
- substitute for…:「…的替代品」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII ordered a new calendar, which called for New Year's Day to be celebrated on January 1.1582 年,教宗格里高利十三世下令使用新曆法,規定 1 月 1 日慶祝新年。
- Pope:「教宗」
- order:這裡是動詞,「下令」
- call for…:「規定、要求」
- 背景:這部新曆法就是現在通用的格里高利曆(Gregorian calendar)。
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The totem pole can be grouped into specific categories, depending on its location and the occasion for which it was carved.圖騰柱可依位置和雕刻的場合,分成特定類別。
- be grouped into…:「被分成…」
- depending on…:「取決於…」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段While earworms might be annoying, most people who experience them nevertheless report that they are pleasant or at least neutral.雖然耳蟲可能令人惱怒,大多數經歷過的人仍表示,那是愉快的,或至少是中性的。
- annoying:「惱人的」
- nevertheless:「仍然」
- report that…:「表示…」
- neutral:「中性的」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段In addition, the leftover material following the removal of fibers can even be used as a natural fertilizer back in the pineapple fields.此外,取出纖維後剩下的材料,甚至可以當作天然肥料,回到鳳梨田裡。
- in addition:「此外」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 1 段Once the pests detect the chemical fog in the room, they’ll hide themselves in walls or other hideaways, where you’ll never be able to treat them effectively.一旦害蟲察覺到房間裡的化學煙霧,就會躲進牆壁或其他藏身處,在那裡你永遠無法有效處理牠們。
- chemical fog:「化學煙霧」
- hideaway:「藏身處」
- where 指 walls or other hideaways
- treat:這裡是「處理、施藥」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Researchers from a university in Japan have developed "diet-glasses" that play tricks with one's perception of food, which could be helpful to people on a diet.日本一所大學的研究人員開發了「節食眼鏡」,能對人們看待食物的方式耍把戲,可能對節食的人有幫助。
- play tricks with…:「對…耍把戲」
- perception:「感知」,perceive 是「察覺」
- on a diet:「正在節食」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段After five years of research, she created from pineapple leaves a material which, like real leather, can be used for making bags, shoes, and other textile products.經過五年研究,她用鳳梨葉創造出一種材料,和真皮一樣,可以用來製作包包、鞋子和其他紡織品。
- create A from B:「用 B 創造出 A」
- like real leather:「像真皮一樣」
- a material which…can be used for…:「可用來…的材料」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段While many of these poles can still be found in various locations on the west coast of North America, there is one pole that can now only be found in a museum—the shame pole.雖然這些柱子有許多仍可在北美西岸各地看到,有一種柱子現在只能在博物館看到,那就是羞辱柱。
- various locations:「各個地點」
- the west coast:「西岸」
- there is one pole that…:「有一種柱子…」,shame pole 是同位語
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Those who have positive feelings about their stuck songs prefer to just “let them be,” while those with negative feelings turn to more behavioral responses, which include coping strategies such as singing, talking, or even praying.對卡在腦中的歌有正面感受的人,偏好「順其自然」,而有負面感受的人,則轉向更多行為上的回應,包括唱歌、說話,甚至祈禱等應對策略。
- let them be:「讓它們去吧」
- turn to…:「轉向…」
- behavioral responses:「行為上的回應」
- coping strategies:「應對策略」
- pray:「祈禱」
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Unconventional solutions can also be explored.也可以探索非傳統的解決辦法。
- unconventional:「非傳統的」,conventional(傳統的)加 un-
- explore:「探索」
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段This can be done by, for example, learning new skills or traveling to new countries.例如,學習新技能或到新的國家旅行就能做到。
- this can be done by…:「這可以藉由…來做到」,by 後面接動名詞;for example 夾在句中表示舉例
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 1 段Lyrics to those lullabies can indeed be interpreted as a reflection of the caregiver’s emotions.這些搖籃曲的歌詞,確實可以解讀為照顧者情緒的反映。
- lyrics:「歌詞」,一般用複數
- indeed:「確實」
- interpret A as B:「把 A 解讀為 B」
- reflection:「反映」
- caregiver:「照顧者」,和 caretaker 同義
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段While this oil-absorbing feature might not always be so great for our hygiene, it can be great for the environment.雖然這種吸油的特性對我們的衛生不一定好,卻對環境很有幫助。
- while:這裡是「雖然」,表示讓步,前後對比
- oil-absorbing:「吸油的」,absorb 是「吸收」
- feature:「特性」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段The energy and technology to desalinate water are both expensive, and this means that desalinating water can be costly.淡化海水所需的能源與技術都很昂貴,這表示淡化海水的成本可能很高。
- both…:「兩者都」
- this means that…:「這表示…」
- costly:「成本高的」,cost + ly,不是副詞
- 107 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The interviewees were trying very hard to impress the interviewers that they were very capable and should be given the job.面試者極力想讓面試官留下深刻印象,讓他們覺得自己很有能力,應該得到這份工作。
- interviewee:「面試者」,-ee 是被面試的人
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段You can be an everyday Jane Doe or John Smith while awake but a superhero while sleeping, regardless of who you are in real life.清醒時你可以是平凡的 Jane Doe 或 John Smith,睡著時卻是超級英雄,不管你在現實中是誰。
- Jane Doe / John Smith:英文裡指「普通人」的假名,像中文的「張三李四」
- regardless of…:「不管…」
- everyday:「平凡的、日常的」
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段All the obstacles of reality can be set aside and you are able to accomplish tasks that you could never manage in waking reality.現實中的所有障礙都可以擱置一旁,你能完成在清醒現實中永遠無法做到的任務。
- set aside:「擱置」
- could never manage:這裡 manage 是「設法做到」
- waking reality:「清醒時的現實」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段But fresh water can be in short supply in many arid regions of the world such as Saudi Arabia, where there are limited water resources.但在世界上許多乾燥的地區,例如水資源有限的沙烏地阿拉伯,淡水可能供應不足。
- in short supply:「供應不足」
- such as Saudi Arabia, where…:where 補充說明沙烏地阿拉伯
- 107 學測|文意選填|第 2 段This story may sound highly credible, but there seems to be no solid evidence that it inspired the creation of the treats we know of today as fortune cookies.這個故事聽起來可能很可信,但似乎沒有確切證據顯示,它啟發了我們今天所知的幸運籤餅這種點心的創造。
- credible:「可信的」,cred 是「相信」,和 credit「信用」同源
- solid evidence:「確切的證據」
- there seems to be no…:「似乎沒有…」
- inspire:「啟發」
- treat:這裡是「點心」
- the treats (that) we know of today as…:「我們今天稱為…的點心」,省略關係代名詞 that
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The city declared a state of emergency and began aerial spraying of a pesticide to kill the mosquitoes, even though residents argued that the pesticide could be more dangerous than the disease.該市宣布進入緊急狀態,並開始以飛機噴灑殺蟲劑來殺蚊子,儘管居民主張這種殺蟲劑可能比疾病更危險。
- declare a state of emergency:「宣布進入緊急狀態」
- aerial spraying:「空中噴灑」
- even though:「儘管」
- argue that…:這裡是「主張…」,不是「爭吵」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 1 篇A dog’s intelligence can be ranked based on the score of a Dognition’s test.狗的智力可以依據 Dognition 測驗的分數來排名。
- rank:「排名」
- based on…:「依據…」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 2 篇Which of the following will probably NOT be found in the performance of Capoeira?下列何者最可能不會出現在 Capoeira 的表演中?
- 試題固定問法:選不會出現的;NOT 大寫是提醒題目問的是反面
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Dr. Hare, one of the venture’s co-founders, says a dog’s intelligence can’t be described with a single number.這家新創公司的共同創辦人之一 Hare 博士說,狗的智力不能用單一數字來描述。
- venture:這裡是「新創事業」
- co-founder:「共同創辦人」
- intelligence:「智力」
- can't be described with a single number:被動語態,「不能被描述」
- 106 學測|文意選填|第 3 段Other researchers believe it was because onions were known for their special curative properties, which would be helpful in the afterlife.其他研究者則認為,是因為洋蔥以特殊的療效著稱,這在來世會有幫助。
- be known for…:「以…著稱」
- curative:「有療效的」,cure 是「治癒」
- afterlife:「來世」,after + life
- which would be helpful:which 指 curative properties
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 4 段Today, tea can be drunk at any time of the day, and accounts for over two-fifths of all beverages consumed in Britain—with the exception of water.如今,一天任何時候都可以喝茶,茶占英國所消費飲料的五分之二以上,水除外。
- account for…:「占…(比例)」
- over two-fifths:「超過五分之二」
- consume:「消費」
- with the exception of…:「除了…之外」
- 106 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Due to numerous accidents that occurred while people were playing Pokémon GO, players were advised to be aware of possible dangers in the environment.由於人們玩 Pokémon GO 時發生許多意外,玩家被建議要留意環境中可能的危險。
- due to…:「由於…」,後面接名詞
- occur:「發生」
- be advised to V:「被建議…」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇To convince people that temporary housing can be easily found.為了說服大家臨時住所很容易找到。
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇It swings from left to right to be attached to the cabinet door.它由左向右擺動,連接到櫃門上。
- swing from left to right:「由左向右擺動」
- be attached to…:「連接到…」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇Sea snakes will be the last creature affected by global warming.海蛇將是最後一個受全球暖化影響的生物。
- the last…:這裡是「最後一個」
- affected by…:過去分詞,修飾 creature
- global warming:「全球暖化」
- 105 學測|文意選填|第 2 段The land was so dry that it had to be watered several times a day.那塊地太乾了,一天必須澆好幾次水。
- so…that…:「如此…以致…」
- water:這裡是動詞,「澆水」
- 105 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The newcomer speaks with a strong Irish accent; he must be from Ireland.這位新來的人說話帶著濃厚的愛爾蘭口音,他一定來自愛爾蘭。
- must be from…:「一定是來自…」,肯定推測
- 105 學測|文意選填|第 3 段That's why he did not allow fallen leaves or twigs from the forest to be removed.這就是為什麼他不准人移走森林裡掉落的葉子或小樹枝。
- that's why…:「這就是為什麼…」
- allow A to be p.p.:「允許 A 被…」
- twig:「小樹枝」
- 105 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Abdul Kareem, who used to be an airline ticketing agent, has a great love for the woods.曾是航空公司售票員的 Abdul Kareem,非常熱愛樹林。
- used to V:「以前曾經…」
- ticketing agent:「售票員」
- woods:「樹林」,常用複數
- 105 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Without international trade, nations would be limited to the goods and services produced within their own borders.沒有國際貿易,各國就只能限於自己國境內生產的商品與服務。
- without…:「沒有…」,搭配 would,表示與事實相反
- be limited to…:「限於…」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段Many people found the story of the Kiddie Stool inspiring because it showed that with imagination, anyone can be an inventor.許多人覺得兒童凳的故事很鼓舞人心,因為它顯示只要有想像力,任何人都可以成為發明家。
- find A + 形容詞:「覺得 A…」
- 105 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段The theory underlying it is that lying is stressful, and that this stress can be measured and recorded on a polygraph machine.它背後的理論是:說謊會造成壓力,而這種壓力可以由測謊機測量並記錄。
- theory underlying it:「它背後的理論」,underlie 是「是…的基礎」
- stressful:「有壓力的」
- record:這裡是動詞,「記錄」
- that…, and that…:兩個 that 子句並列,都是 is 後面的補語
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use.得知學校那年舉辦發明比賽後,Jeanie 決心參賽,發明一張永久固定在浴室、但不用時又能收起來不擋路的凳子。
- learn of…:「得知…」
- invention contest:「發明比賽」
- resolve to V:「決心…」
- permanent fixture:「固定裝置」
- out of the way:「不擋路」
- in use:「使用中」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇Too much medical care may not be beneficial to patients.過多的醫療照護可能對病人沒有益處。
- medical care:「醫療照護」
- may not:「可能不」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇She had to be hospitalized for three weeks whenever she had a cold.她每次感冒都得住院三週。
- hospitalize:「使住院」
- had to be hospitalized:「必須住院」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 4 篇Which of the following may be inferred about those who do serious exercise?關於認真運動的人,下列何者可以推論得知?
- 試題固定問法:問可以推論出什麼;infer「推論」,文章沒有直接寫出來,要從內容推得出來
- 104 學測|文意選填|第 2 段With this feature, it could be stretched and twisted into various clip-like objects.憑這個特性,它可以被拉伸、扭轉成各種像夾子的東西。
- stretch:「拉伸」
- twist:「扭轉」
- clip-like:「像夾子的」
- it could be stretched:it 指 steel wire
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 6 段The naturalist in Cartier-Bresson believed that all editing should be done when the photo is taken.Cartier-Bresson 內心的自然主義者認為,所有編輯都該在拍照的那一刻完成。
- editing:「編輯、修飾」
- should be done:被動語態
- when the photo is taken:「拍照的時候」
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Nutritional products that can be collected from trees include fruits, nuts, seeds, leaves, and bark.可以從樹上採集的營養食品包括水果、堅果、種子、葉子和樹皮。
- collect:「採集」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段“It used to be that the only ones who could sing these songs were tribal elders aged between 50 and 60.「過去,只有年齡在 50 至 60 歲之間的部落長老會唱這些歌。
- it used to be that…:「過去的情形是…」
- elder:「長老」
- aged between 50 and 60:「年齡在 50 到 60 歲之間」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Regular exercisers, furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on days when they exercise.此外,規律運動者在運動的日子,活動量被發現少了約 30%。
- be found to be…:「被發現…」
- less active:「較不活躍」
- on days when they exercise:「在他們運動的那幾天」
- 104 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The airport was closed because of the snowstorm, and our departure for Paris had to be delayed until the following day.機場因暴風雪關閉,我們飛往巴黎的班機必須延到隔天。
- snowstorm:「暴風雪」
- delay:「延遲」
- the following day:「隔天」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 1 段You’ve most likely heard the news by now: A car-commuting, desk-bound, TV-watching lifestyle can be harmful to our health.你現在很可能已經聽說了:開車通勤、坐辦公桌、看電視的生活方式,可能有害健康。
- most likely:「很可能」
- by now:「到現在」
- car-commuting, desk-bound, TV-watching:三個複合形容詞,修飾 lifestyle
- desk-bound:「被綁在桌前的」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段Sometimes a test leads you down a path to more and more testing, some of which may be invasive, or to treatment for things that should be left alone.有時,一項檢查會引出越來越多檢查(其中有些可能具侵入性),或導向對本來無須處理的問題進行治療。
- lead someone down a path:「把某人帶上一條路」
- invasive:「侵入性的」
- leave alone:「不去管」
- some of which may be invasive:which 指 testing
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段And those small amounts of activity add up—30 minutes of light activity in two or three-minute bursts can be just as effective as a half-hour block of exercise.而這些少量的活動會累積起來,分成兩、三分鐘一小段一小段進行的 30 分鐘輕度活動,可以和連續半小時的運動一樣有效。
- add up:「累積」
- those small amounts of activity:「那些少量的活動」
- in two or three-minute bursts:「分成兩、三分鐘一小段一小段地做」,burst 這裡是「短時間的一陣」
- light activity:「輕度活動」
- just as effective as…:「和…一樣有效」
- block:這裡是「一段(時間)」
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