學測考點
began
不及物「開始」
- the real challenge began
- as preparations began
- construction began when the first cornerstone was laid
學測原句
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段There, the real challenge began.真正的挑戰就從那裡開始。
- there 承接上一句的地點,短句製造轉折
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 4 段In the 19th century, the emperors began to establish a state monopoly, largely due to the rise of illegal production of low-quality vodka.19 世紀,皇帝們開始建立國家專賣制度,主要是因為劣質伏特加的非法生產增加。
- monopoly:「壟斷 / 專賣」,只有一家能賣
- state monopoly:「國家專賣」
- largely due to…:「主要由於…」
- the rise of…:「…的增加」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Moran began painting by age 15, inspired by the landscape paintings of the British master J.M.W. Turner.Moran 最遲在十五歲時就已開始作畫,受到英國大師 J.M.W. Turner 風景畫的啟發。
- by age 15:「到 15 歲時」
- inspired by…:「受…啟發」,inspire 是「啟發」
- landscape painting:「風景畫」
- 背景:J.M.W. Turner(1775–1851)是英國風景畫大師,以光影與氣氛的描繪聞名。
- 111 學測|混合題|第 3 段But 30 minutes later, the engine stopped and the boat began to sink.但 30 分鐘後,引擎停了,船開始下沉。
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段It was at this time that passports as we would recognize them today began to be used.正是在這個時候,我們今天認得的那種護照才開始被使用。
- it was at this time that…:強調句型,強調 at this time
- as we would recognize them today:「像我們今天會認得的那樣」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Other people began to make fun of these traditionalists, sending them on "fool's errands" or trying to fool them into believing something false.其他人開始嘲弄這些守舊的人,派他們去做「徒勞無功的差事」,或設法騙他們相信錯誤的事。
- make fun of…:「嘲弄…」
- traditionalist:「守舊者」
- fool's errand:「徒勞無功的差事」
- fool someone into believing…:「騙某人相信…」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Construction began when the first cornerstone was laid in October of 1792.第一塊基石在 1792 年十月奠下時,工程開始了。
- cornerstone:「基石」,corner + stone
- be laid:「被奠下」,lay 的被動,過去分詞 laid
- construction:「建造」,construct 的名詞
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段When the slave owners realized the power of Capoeira, they began to punish those who practiced it.奴隸主意識到 Capoeira 的力量時,開始懲罰練習它的人。
- realize:「意識到」
- those who…:「那些…的人」
- practice:這裡是動詞,「練習」
- 105 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Greatly encouraged by the result, Kareem planted more trees and his man-made forest began to take shape.Kareem 受到這個結果的大大鼓舞,種了更多樹,他的人造森林開始成形。
- greatly encouraged by…:「受到…大大鼓舞」,分詞構句
- take shape:「成形」
- 104 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Later, as steel wire became more common, inventors began to notice its elastic feature.後來,隨著鋼絲變得更普遍,發明者開始注意到它的彈性。
- as:這裡是「隨著」
- feature:「特性」
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Around this time, spiral staircases began to find much wider use in Roman architecture and across Europe.大約在這個時期,螺旋梯開始在羅馬建築和整個歐洲被更廣泛地使用。
- find wider use:「獲得更廣泛的使用」
- 115 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段Teahouse owners therefore began providing bite-sized snacks as an accompaniment, and the tradition of these Cantonese delicacies was born.茶館老闆於是開始提供一口大小的小點心來搭配茶,這項廣東美食的傳統就此誕生。
- bite-sized:「一口大小的」,bite 是「一口」
- accompaniment:「搭配的東西」,accompany「陪伴」的名詞
- delicacy:「美食、佳餚」
- be born:「誕生」,傳統、習俗的起源常用
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 6 段After centuries of technological advancements, it seems we’ve ended up right where we began in ancient times: with ourselves in the middle, and our destinations at the top.經過幾個世紀的科技進步,我們似乎又回到古代的起點:自己在中間,目的地在上方。
- end up…:「最後變成…」
- right where we began:right 用來加強 where
- with A in the middle:with 帶出狀態
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 4 段The situation worsened when the industrial production of vodka began in the country, causing its prices to drop sharply and making it available to even low-income citizens.當國內開始工業化生產伏特加後,情況更加惡化:價格大幅下跌,連低收入的民眾也買得起。
- worsen:「惡化」,worse + en
- industrial production:「工業化生產」
- cause A to V:「使 A…」
- drop sharply:「驟降」
- available to…:「…買得到的」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段De Mestral thus began mass-producing Velcro, opening plants in Europe and eventually into Canada and the United States.因此 de Mestral 開始大量生產 Velcro,在歐洲設廠,最後擴展到加拿大和美國。
- mass-produce:「大量生產」,mass 是「大量」
- plant:這裡是「工廠」,不是「植物」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 4 段In the early 1960s, the product received a huge boost in popularity when NASA began using it in a lot of equipment that went into space along with astronauts.1960 年代初,NASA 開始把它用在許多隨太空人上太空的設備上,這項產品的人氣因此大幅提升。
- boost:「推升」,a huge boost in popularity 是「人氣大增」
- go into space:「進入太空」
- along with…:「與…一起」
- 背景:NASA 是美國國家航空暨太空總署。
- 111 學測|文意選填|第 2 段In the early days of the film industry, actors themselves shot acrobatic acts and dangerous scenes, until they began to get injured.在電影業早期,演員自己拍攝特技動作和危險場面,直到他們開始受傷為止。
- acrobatic acts:「特技動作」,acrobat 是「雜技演員」
- shoot:這裡是「拍攝」
- until they began to get injured:「直到他們開始受傷」
- 111 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Then as commercial air travel became popular in the 1950s and airplanes began flying higher and faster, three planes mysteriously broke apart in midair.後來 1950 年代商業航空旅行普及,飛機開始飛得更高更快,有三架飛機神祕地在半空中解體。
- commercial air travel:「商業航空旅行」
- mysteriously:「神祕地」,mystery 是「謎」
- break apart:「解體」
- midair:「半空中」,mid-(中間)+ air
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段The pilot project dedicated to developing the cactus biogas generator began in the south of Mexico City.致力於開發仙人掌沼氣發電機的試驗計畫,在墨西哥城南部展開。
- pilot project:「試驗計畫」
- be dedicated to…:「致力於…」
- the south of…:「…的南部」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段As preparations began, a competition was held to find a builder of the “President’s House.”隨著籌備開始,舉辦了一場競賽,要找出「總統官邸」的建造者。
- as preparations began:as 是「隨著」
- a competition was held:「舉辦競賽」
- builder:這裡其實是指設計者
- President's House:當時對白宮的稱呼
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The city declared a state of emergency and began aerial spraying of a pesticide to kill the mosquitoes, even though residents argued that the pesticide could be more dangerous than the disease.該市宣布進入緊急狀態,並開始以飛機噴灑殺蟲劑來殺蚊子,儘管居民主張這種殺蟲劑可能比疾病更危險。
- declare a state of emergency:「宣布進入緊急狀態」
- aerial spraying:「空中噴灑」
- even though:「儘管」
- argue that…:這裡是「主張…」,不是「爭吵」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Born and raised in Boston, he began his career at age eighteen in his hometown, working as an apprentice at a printing company.他在波士頓出生長大,十八歲時在家鄉開始職業生涯,在一家印刷公司當學徒。
- born and raised:分詞構句,「出生並長大」
- printing company:「印刷公司」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段He then moved to New York City, where he worked as a freelance illustrator with Harper’s Weekly, a popular magazine of the time, and began painting.他接著搬到紐約市,在當時一份熱門雜誌《哈潑週刊》擔任自由插畫家,並開始繪畫。
- of the time:「當時的」
- popular:「熱門的」
- where he worked…and began painting:where 子句的兩個動詞用 and 連接
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段Around 1800, the seventh Duchess of Bedford, Anne Maria, began the popular practice of “afternoon tea,” a ceremony taking place at about four o’clock.1800 年前後,第七代 Bedford 公爵夫人 Anne Maria 開始了「下午茶」這個流行的習慣,這是一個大約在四點舉行的儀式。
- Duchess:「公爵夫人」
- practice:這裡是名詞,「習慣、做法」
- taking place:「舉行」,take place 是「發生、舉行」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段In the sixteenth century, when the Africans were taken from their homes to Brazil against their will and kept in slavery, Capoeira began to take form among the community of slaves for self-defense.十六世紀,非洲人被違反意願地從家園帶到巴西並被奴役時,Capoeira 開始在奴隸群體中成形,用來自衛。
- against one's will:「違反某人的意願」
- slavery:「奴役」,slave 的名詞
- take form:「成形」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段The report pays particularly close attention to Syria, where a bloody civil war has displaced at least nine million people since the war began in 2011.報告特別關注敘利亞,那裡血腥的內戰自 2011 年開戰以來,已使至少九百萬人流離失所。
- pay attention to…:「關注…」
- civil war:「內戰」
- displace:「使流離失所」
- at least:「至少」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 7 段In 1968, he began to turn away from photography and returned to his passion for drawing and painting.1968 年,他開始遠離攝影,回到對繪畫的熱情。
- turn away from…:「轉離…」
- passion for…:「對…的熱情」
- drawing and painting:「素描與繪畫」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段After several years of physical suffering and near financial ruin from the medical costs, the couple began questioning the treatment after consulting with other patients in online support groups.經過數年身體上的痛苦,以及醫療費用造成的近乎財務破產,這對夫妻在與網路支持團體中的其他病人諮詢後,開始質疑這些治療。
- near financial ruin:「近乎財務破產」
- question:這裡是動詞,「質疑」
- consult with…:「與…商量」
- support group:「支持團體」
想把學測單字一次整理好、邊背邊做筆記?
