學測考點
deer
「鹿」:deer 的單數和複數同形
- hunt for deer in the wild
- deer are attracted to railway lines
- snorts like a deer
- colliding with deer
- attracts more deer to the tracks
學測原句
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 1 篇To explain how Maasai warriors hunt for deer in the wild.為了解釋馬賽戰士如何在野外獵鹿。
- in the wild:「在野外」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 4 篇Why are deer attracted to train tracks?為什麼鹿會被鐵軌吸引?
- be attracted to:「被…吸引」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 1 篇To show the similarities between the behavior of a Maasai warrior and that of a male deer.為了顯示馬賽戰士和雄鹿在行為上的相似之處。
- that of…:用來避免重複 behavior,指「…的行為」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段In Blixen’s words, “their weapons and finery are as much a part of their being as are a stag’s antlers” (a male deer’s horns).用 Blixen 的話說:「他們的武器和華服,就像雄鹿的鹿角一樣,是他們存在的一部分。」(antlers 指雄鹿的角)
- in one's words:「用某人的話說」
- finery:「華服」
- as much a part of…as…:「和…一樣是…的一部分」
- stag:「雄鹿」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇RTRI’s new invention prompts deer to run away.RTRI 的新發明會促使鹿跑開。
- prompt:這裡是動詞,「促使」
- prompt A to V:「促使 A 做…」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇People living near the tracks complain about deer snorts.住在軌道附近的人抱怨鹿的鼻息聲。
- people living near the tracks:現在分詞,修飾 people
- complain about…:「抱怨…」
- snort:「噴鼻息聲」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇45 percent of train delays in Japan was caused by deer collision.日本 45% 的火車誤點是鹿撞擊造成的。
- be caused by…:「由…造成」
- delay:「誤點」
- 45 percent of…:「…的 45%」;train delays 是複數,原文 was 應為 were
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇A combination of sound and visual devices attracts more deer to the tracks.聲音與視覺裝置的組合,吸引更多鹿到軌道上。
- a combination of A and B:「A 和 B 的組合」
- attract A to B:「把 A 吸引到 B」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 4 篇Which of the following is true about the deer issue discussed in the passage?下列何者關於文章討論的鹿害問題是正確的?
- 試題固定問法:選敘述正確的;true about…「關於…是正確的」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Deer are attracted to railway lines because of a need for iron in their diets.鹿會被鐵軌吸引,是因為飲食中需要鐵。
- be attracted to…:「被…吸引」
- railway lines:「鐵道線」
- because of a need for…:「因為需要…」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段The country has been troubled by a problem with trains colliding with deer on its railways.該國一直受火車在鐵道上撞到鹿的問題所困擾。
- be troubled by…:「受…所困擾」
- collide with…:「與…相撞」
- railway:「鐵道」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 4 段The barking of the hound, which drives deer to panic, strengthens the effect of the warning noise, according to the RTRI.根據 RTRI,獵犬的吠叫會讓鹿驚慌,加強了警告聲的效果。
- drive someone to panic:「使某人驚慌」
- warning noise:「警告聲」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段In the past, flashing red lights and even lion faces have been unsuccessfully trialed in an attempt to keep deer off the tracks.過去曾試過閃爍的紅燈,甚至獅子臉,希望讓鹿遠離軌道,但都沒成功。
- trial:這裡是動詞,「試用」
- unsuccessfully:「不成功地」
- in an attempt to V:「企圖…」
- keep someone off…:「使某人遠離…」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段This dietary need has led to a constant battle to keep the deer separate from the unforgiving nature of tons of onrushing rolling stock.這種飲食需求,導致人們必須持續對抗,設法讓鹿遠離重達數噸、疾衝而來的列車那種毫不留情的力量。
- lead to…:「導致…」
- constant battle:「持續的戰鬥」
- keep A separate from B:「讓 A 和 B 保持分開」
- unforgiving:「毫不留情的」
- onrushing:「疾衝而來的」
- rolling stock:「鐵道車輛」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 4 段RTRI officials explain that deer have a habit of repeatedly snorting short, shrill sounds to alert other deer when they perceive danger.RTRI 官員解釋,鹿察覺到危險時,有反覆噴出短而尖銳聲音的習慣,用來警告其他鹿。
- have a habit of V-ing:「有…的習慣」
- alert:這裡是動詞,「警告」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 4 段When the deer hear a combination of a 3-second-long recording of a deer’s snort and 20 seconds of a barking dog, they panic and flee rapidly.鹿聽到 3 秒鹿噴鼻息的錄音,加上 20 秒狗吠聲的組合時,會驚慌並迅速逃走。
- 3-second-long:「3 秒長的」
- panic:這裡是動詞,「驚慌」
- flee:「逃走」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 5 段Future plans include static barking sites where deer are commonly seen, but “the noises will not be blared in areas where people live beside the tracks.”未來的計畫包括在常看到鹿的地方設置固定的吠叫站,但「在鐵軌旁有人居住的地區,不會大聲播放噪音」。
- static:「固定的」
- barking site:「吠叫站」
- blare:「大聲播放」
- beside the tracks:「在鐵軌旁」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 5 段RTRI researchers say late-night tests, at times when deer are most frequently seen by railway tracks, have resulted in a 45 percent reduction of deer sighting.RTRI 研究人員表示,在鐵軌旁最常看到鹿的深夜時段進行的測試,使鹿的目擊次數減少了 45%。
- late-night tests:「深夜的測試」
- at times when…:「在…的時候」
- result in…:「導致…」
- sighting:「目擊」,這裡是「目擊次數」,不等同鹿的數量
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 1 段Researchers in Japan have installed on a train a speaker that barks like a dog and snorts like a deer in order to prevent collisions with animals on the tracks.日本研究人員在火車上裝了一個會像狗一樣吠叫、像鹿一樣噴鼻息的喇叭,以防止火車與軌道上的動物相撞。
- install on…:「裝在…上」
- in order to V:「為了…」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段According to Japan’s transport ministry, there were 613 cases of train services suspended or delayed for at least 30 minutes resulting from collisions with deer and other wild animals in 2016-17.根據日本國土交通省的資料,2016 至 2017 年間,因撞到鹿和其他野生動物,造成列車停駛或延誤至少 30 分鐘的案例有 613 件。
- transport ministry:「交通部」,日本的交通主管機關是國土交通省
- suspend:「暫停」
- delay:「延誤」
- resulting from…:「由…造成的」
- wild animals:「野生動物」
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