學測考點
disease
名詞「疾病」
- heart disease
- tropical disease
- disease prevention
- spread diseases
學測原句
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Additionally, by having branches that do not touch those of their neighbors, trees may be able to limit the spread of leaf-eating insects, and potentially also the transmission of diseases from tree to tree.此外,藉由讓樹枝不碰到鄰樹的樹枝,樹木也許能限制食葉昆蟲的擴散,還可能限制疾病在樹與樹之間傳播。
- by having…:「藉由擁有…」
- those of their neighbors:those 指 the branches
- leaf-eating insects:「食葉昆蟲」
- transmission:「傳播」,transmit 是「傳送」
- from tree to tree:「一棵傳一棵」,名詞不加冠詞
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Moreover, 84 percent of human genes associated with disease find a counterpart in zebrafish.此外,84% 與疾病相關的人類基因,在斑馬魚身上都找得到對應的基因。
- associated with…:「與…相關的」
- find a counterpart in…:「在…找到對應物」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段When a person sneezes, the droplets can spread diseases.人打噴嚏時,飛沫會傳播疾病。
- droplet:「飛沫」,drop 是「滴」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇West Nile and its relation to tropical diseases.West Nile 和熱帶疾病的關係。
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇Medical tests are essential for disease prevention.醫學檢查對預防疾病是不可或缺的。
- essential:「不可或缺的」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段Plant diseases can also spread through tiny water drops that jump off leaves—a plant's version of a sneeze.植物疾病也能透過從葉子上彈出的細小水滴傳播,這就是植物版的噴嚏。
- tiny:「細小的」
- jump off:「彈離」
- a plant's version of a sneeze:同位語,解釋 tiny water drops that jump off leaves
- 109 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The claim that eating chocolate can prevent heart disease is disputable because there is not enough scientific evidence to support it.吃巧克力可以預防心臟病的說法有爭議,因為沒有足夠的科學證據支持。
- the claim that…:「…的說法」,that 子句說明 claim 的內容
- heart disease:「心臟病」
- scientific evidence:「科學證據」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段They found that the sick plants could "sneeze" and shoot out tiny water drops filled with leaf rust germs, spreading the disease to neighboring plants.他們發現,生病的植物會「打噴嚏」,射出裝滿葉鏽病菌的細小水滴,把疾病傳給鄰近的植物。
- shoot out:「射出」
- filled with…:「裝滿…的」
- spreading…:分詞構句,表結果
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇The government did not issue a warning about the disease in time.政府沒有及時發出這種疾病的警告。
- issue a warning:「發出警告」
- in time:「及時」
- about the disease:「關於這種疾病」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇The increasing population in Texas raised the risk of contracting the disease.德州人口增加提高了感染該疾病的風險。
- raise the risk of V-ing:「提高…的風險」
- contract the disease:「染上疾病」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段West Nile is a tropical disease that begins in birds, which pass it on to mosquitoes that then go on to infect human beings with a bite.West Nile 病是一種熱帶疾病,起源於鳥類,鳥再傳給蚊子,蚊子叮咬後再感染人類。
- pass it on to…:「把它傳給…」
- bite:這裡是名詞「叮咬」
- which pass it on to mosquitoes that then go on to infect…:which 指 birds,that 指 mosquitoes
- go on to V:「接著做…」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段The severity of tropical diseases is also a matter of whether governments are capable—and willing—to defend their populations against infections.熱帶疾病的嚴重程度,也取決於政府是否有能力、並且願意保護人民免於感染。
- severity:「嚴重程度」,severe 的名詞
- a matter of…:「…的問題」
- capable—and willing—to V:原句搭配不齊,標準用法是 be capable of V-ing 和 be willing to V
- defend A against B:「保護 A 免受 B」
- population:這裡指「人民」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段Dallas County was not doing some of the key things to slow the spread of West Nile, such as testing dead birds and setting mosquito traps to test for the presence of the disease.達拉斯郡沒有做一些減緩 West Nile 病傳播的關鍵工作,例如檢驗死鳥,以及設置捕蚊器來檢測疾病的存在。
- slow the spread:「減緩傳播」
- key:這裡是「關鍵的」
- such as…:「例如…」
- set mosquito traps:「設置捕蚊器」
- presence:「存在」,present(在場的)的名詞
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The city declared a state of emergency and began aerial spraying of a pesticide to kill the mosquitoes, even though residents argued that the pesticide could be more dangerous than the disease.該市宣布進入緊急狀態,並開始以飛機噴灑殺蟲劑來殺蚊子,儘管居民主張這種殺蟲劑可能比疾病更危險。
- declare a state of emergency:「宣布進入緊急狀態」
- aerial spraying:「空中噴灑」
- even though:「儘管」
- argue that…:這裡是「主張…」,不是「爭吵」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 1 段All the time that we spend rooted in the chair is linked to increased risks of so many deadly diseases that experts have named this modern-day health epidemic the “sitting disease.”我們像生了根一樣坐在椅子上的所有時間,都與許多致命疾病的風險增加有關,以至於專家把這種現代的健康流行病稱為「久坐病」。
- rooted in the chair:「像生了根一樣坐在椅子上」,比喻一直坐著不動
- be linked to…:「與…有關」
- so…that…:「如此…以至於…」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Terrence Power, for example, complained that after his wife learned she had Wegener’s disease, an uncommon disorder of the immune system, they found it difficult to refuse testing recommended by her physician.例如,Terrence Power 抱怨說,他妻子得知自己罹患韋格納氏症(一種不常見的免疫系統疾病)後,他們發現很難拒絕她的醫生建議的檢驗。
- complain that…:「抱怨…」
- uncommon:「不常見的」
- disorder:「疾病、失調」
- immune system:「免疫系統」
- recommend:「建議」
- physician:「醫師」,比 doctor 正式
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段But without that activity, blood sugar levels and blood pressure keep creeping up, steadily damaging the inside of the arteries and increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and other serious diseases.但沒有這些活動,血糖與血壓就會不斷爬升,持續損害動脈內壁,並增加罹患糖尿病、心臟病、中風及其他嚴重疾病的風險。
- creep up:「慢慢上升」
- steadily:「持續地」
- damaging…and increasing…:兩個分詞構句,表示結果
近義字
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