學測考點
government
「政府」
- only the government
- government policies
- city government
- the federal government
學測原句
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 4 段Thus, only the government was permitted to produce the alcohol.因此,只有政府獲准生產這種酒。
- be permitted to V:「獲准…」,permit 是「允許」
- only the government:only 放在句首修飾 the government
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇The government project was started due to its rich natural resources.這項政府計畫是因為它豐富的天然資源而開始的。
- due to…:「由於…」
- natural resources:「天然資源」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 1 篇They have been urged by governments to leave behind their traditions.政府一直敦促他們拋下自己的傳統。
- urge:「敦促」
- leave behind:「拋下」
- 110 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Hundreds of residents received free testing kits from the city government to find out if their water contained any harmful chemicals.數百名居民收到市政府提供的免費檢測組,來檢測他們的水是否含有任何有害化學物質。
- city government:「市政府」
- find out if…:「查明是否…」
- contain:「含有」
- harmful chemicals:「有害化學物質」
- 108 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Many people were happy that the government had finally declared Children's Day as a national holiday.許多人很高興政府終於宣布兒童節為國定假日。
- had finally declared:過去完成式,比 were happy 更早
- national holiday:「國定假日」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇The government did not issue a warning about the disease in time.政府沒有及時發出這種疾病的警告。
- issue a warning:「發出警告」
- in time:「及時」
- about the disease:「關於這種疾病」
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 5 段Government policies were made and public organizations established to prevent the spread of alcoholism in the country.政府制定政策、成立公共組織,防止酗酒問題在國內蔓延。
- policies were made and public organizations (were) established:省略第二個 were
- to prevent…:表目的
- alcoholism:「酒癮 / 酗酒」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段In 1871 Moran joined the first US government survey of the Yellowstone region with photographer William Henry Jackson.1871 年,Moran 與攝影師 William Henry Jackson 一起加入美國政府首次的黃石地區勘查。
- survey:這裡是名詞,「勘查 / 調查」
- with photographer William Henry Jackson:with 這裡是「和…一起」
- 背景:William Henry Jackson(1843–1942)是美國攝影師,他拍的黃石照片同樣促成了國家公園的設立。
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Named “Velcro,” from the French words velours (velvet) and crochet (hook), the new product received a patent from the Swiss government in 1955.這項新產品取名為「Velcro」,源自法文的 velours(天鵝絨)與 crochet(鉤子),並於 1955 年獲得瑞士政府頒發的專利。
- named “Velcro”:分詞構句,「被命名為…」
- from the French words…:「源自法文字…」
- receive a patent:「取得專利」
- 背景:Velcro 就是台灣常說的魔鬼氈,一面是鉤、一面是環,按在一起就扣住。
- 111 學測|混合題|第 7 段Popole was granted asylum in 2014 by Brazilian government and later continued judo training at a youth facility.Popole 於 2014 年獲巴西政府給予庇護,之後在一處青年設施繼續柔道訓練。
- be granted asylum:「獲准庇護」
- youth facility:「青年設施」
- 背景:asylum(庇護)指國家接納因受迫害而逃離的人,讓他們可以留下來。
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Over the years, the fearless tribesmen have stood strong against slavery, and resisted the urging of the Kenyan and Tanzanian governments to adopt a more modern lifestyle.多年來,這些無所畏懼的部落男子堅決抵抗奴役,也抗拒肯亞和坦尚尼亞政府要他們接受更現代生活方式的催促。
- fearless:「無所畏懼的」
- stand strong against…:「堅決對抗…」
- resist:「抗拒」
- urging:「催促」,是 urge 的名詞
- adopt:「採用」
- 110 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段After heated debates and discussions, the government was finally persuaded to consider another similarly effective method: giving the pigeons birth control.經過激烈的辯論和討論,政府終於被說服考慮另一種同樣有效的方法:給鴿子避孕。
- heated debates:「激烈的辯論」
- be persuaded to V:「被說服去…」
- birth control:「避孕」,冒號後面是方法的內容
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段Tropical infections are thus as much related to government inaction as they are to climate.因此,熱帶感染與政府的不作為有關,就如同與氣候有關一樣。
- as much A as B:「A 和 B 一樣…」,這裡是兩者「同樣有關」
- inaction:「不作為」,action(行動)加 in-
- be related to…:「與…有關」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段The severity of tropical diseases is also a matter of whether governments are capable—and willing—to defend their populations against infections.熱帶疾病的嚴重程度,也取決於政府是否有能力、並且願意保護人民免於感染。
- severity:「嚴重程度」,severe 的名詞
- a matter of…:「…的問題」
- capable—and willing—to V:原句搭配不齊,標準用法是 be capable of V-ing 和 be willing to V
- defend A against B:「保護 A 免受 B」
- population:這裡指「人民」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段For more than two hundred years, the White House has stood as a symbol of the United States Presidency, the U.S. government, and the American people.兩百多年來,白宮一直是美國總統職位、美國政府與美國人民的象徵。
- for more than two hundred years:現在完成式的時間,白宮「持續」是象徵
- stand as a symbol of…:「作為…的象徵」
- Presidency:「總統職位」,這裡首字母大寫指職位本身
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段In 1790, President George Washington declared that the federal government would reside in a district “not exceeding ten miles square … on the river Potomac.”1790 年,華盛頓總統宣布,聯邦政府將設在「波多馬克河沿岸、邊長不超過十英里的正方形」地區。
- declare that…:「宣布…」
- reside in…:「設在…、居住於…」,比 live in 正式
- not exceeding ten miles square:「邊長不超過十英里的正方形」,exceed 是「超過」
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