學測考點
including…
介系詞,「包括…」,前面常有逗號(including stores, restaurants、including education)
學測原句
- 113 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段They are sent to a wide variety of service-based businesses, including stores, restaurants, and banks—potentially anywhere customers are served.他們被派往各式各樣以服務為主的行業,包括商店、餐廳與銀行,可能是任何有提供顧客服務的地方。
- a wide variety of…:「各式各樣的…」
- including…:「包括…」
- potentially:「有可能地」,potential 是「潛在的」
- anywhere customers are served:「任何服務顧客的地方」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段With the crisis now in its fifth year, basic public services, including education, inside Syria have been stretched to breaking point.隨著危機進入第五年,敘利亞境內包括教育在內的基本公共服務,已被拉到瀕臨崩潰的地步。
- with the crisis now in its fifth year:with + 受詞 + 補語,表示伴隨狀況
- public services:「公共服務」
- be stretched to breaking point:像被拉到快斷掉,比喻「負荷到極限」
- 111 學測|文意選填|第 1 段In this line of work, the person is paid to do daring actions that are deemed too risky for the regular actor to perform, including jumping from heights, crashing cars, or fighting with weapons.在這個行業,他們領錢去做被認為對一般演員太冒險的大膽動作,包括從高處跳下、撞車或持武器打鬥。
- line of work:「行業」
- be deemed too risky for…:「被認為對…太冒險」,deem 是 consider 的正式說法
- regular actor:「一般演員」
- jumping from heights:「從高處跳下」
- fighting with weapons:「持武器打鬥」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Completely wheelchair-accessible, the park features 25 acres of attractions including rides, playgrounds, a catch-and-release fishing lake, and picnic areas throughout the park.樂園完全可供輪椅使用,占地 25 英畝,有遊樂設施、遊樂場、釣後放生的釣魚湖,以及遍布園區的野餐區。
- wheelchair-accessible:「輪椅可進出的」
- feature:這裡是動詞,「以…為特色」
- attraction:「遊樂項目」
- ride:「遊樂設施」
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 1 段This lullaby may sound more scary than sleep-inducing, yet it is true that many lullabies—including those sung today—have dark undertones.這首搖籃曲聽起來可能比較嚇人,而不是助眠,但事實上許多搖籃曲,包括今天唱的,確實有黑暗的弦外之音。
- more A than B:「比較像 A,而不是 B」
- sleep-inducing:「助眠的」,induce 是「引起」
- undertone:「弦外之音」,under + tone
- yet it is true that…:「但確實…」,it is true that 先承認,再補充
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Other groundbreaking products, including Omega-3 capsules, cold virus pretreatment sprays, and dog snacks are made from what was once cod catch detritus.其他開創性的產品,包括 Omega-3 膠囊、感冒病毒預處理噴劑和狗零食,都是用過去的鱈魚漁獲廢棄物做成的。
- groundbreaking:「開創性的」,破土動工就是創舉
- pretreatment:「預處理」,pre-(先)+ treatment
- be made from…:「由…製成」,from 指來自某處,表示與原料已有距離,所以看不出原料是什麼
- what was once…:「過去曾是…的東西」
- detritus:「碎屑 / 廢棄物」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 4 段100% Fish takes the initiative to show seafood companies the importance of collaboration, and facilitate valuable connections between fishing companies and other participants of the project, including academia, start-ups, and research and development teams.「100% Fish」主動讓海產公司看見合作的重要,並促成漁業公司與計畫其他參與者之間的寶貴連結,這些參與者包括學術界、新創公司與研發團隊。
- take the initiative to V:「主動…」
- collaboration:「合作」,col-(一起)+ labor(工作)
- facilitate:「促進」,讓事情變容易
- start-up:「新創公司」
- research and development:「研發」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 1 段Many marine animals, including penguins and marine iguanas, have evolved ways to get rid of excess salt by using special salt-expelling glands around their tongue.許多海洋動物,包括企鵝和海鬣蜥,已演化出利用舌頭周圍特殊排鹽腺排除多餘鹽分的方式。
- evolve:「演化」
- get rid of…:「擺脫…」
- excess:「多餘的」
- salt-expelling gland:「排鹽腺」,expel 是「排出」
想把學測單字一次整理好、邊背邊做筆記?
