學測考點
lost
動詞「失去、減輕、流失」(lost ten kilograms、lost a competition)
lost
形容詞「失去的、迷失的」
- the lost vessel
- remained lost under
- lost fluid
- all hope is lost
學測原句
- 109 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Mary lost ten kilograms in three months, so her formerly skin-tight jeans are now hanging off her hips.Mary 三個月瘦了十公斤,所以她以前緊身的牛仔褲,現在鬆垮垮地掛在臀部上。
- lose ten kilograms:「減輕十公斤」
- hang off her hips:「掛在她的臀部」
- 111 學測|混合題|第 6 段However, each time he lost a competition, his coaches would lock him in a cage for days, feeding him only coffee and bread.然而,每次他輸掉比賽,教練就會把他鎖在籠子裡好幾天,只給他咖啡和麵包吃。
- each time + 子句:「每次…」
- lock someone in a cage:「把某人鎖在籠子裡」
- for days:「好幾天」
- would lock:過去的習慣
- feeding him only…:分詞構句,「只餵他…」
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 5 段All the members of the expedition team survived, but the Endurance remained lost under the sea until its discovery in 2022.遠征隊全員生還,但堅忍號一直沉在海底,直到 2022 年才被發現。
- remain + 形容詞:「維持…的狀態」
- until its discovery:用名詞 discovery 取代 until it was discovered
- 113 學測|文意選填|第 3 段Some were even set up to allow people to call their loved ones lost in the COVID-19 pandemic.有些甚至是為了讓人們打給在 COVID-19 疫情中失去的摯愛而設置。
- set up:「設置」
- allow someone to V:「讓某人能…」
- lost in…:過去分詞,「在…中失去的」
- 112 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Replacing lost fluid with just plain water means the body has too much water and not enough salt.只用白開水補充流失的水分,表示身體的水太多、鹽太少。
- replace A with B:「用 B 補充 A」
- replacing… means…:動名詞當主詞
- not enough salt:「鹽不夠」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇Most of the sea snakes had lost a lot of body water when captured.大多數海蛇被捕獲時已流失大量體內水分。
- had lost:過去完成式,被捕獲前就已經流失
- body water:「體內水分」
- when captured:省略 they were
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段In March 2022, the Endurance—the lost vessel of the famed polar explorer Ernest Shackleton—was found in Antarctica, 107 years after it sank.2022 年 3 月,著名極地探險家 Ernest Shackleton 失蹤的船「堅忍號」在南極洲被找到,距離沉沒已有 107 年。
- the Endurance—the lost vessel of…:同位語,說明 the Endurance 是什麼船
- vessel:「船」的正式用字,一般說 ship
- famed:「著名的」的書面用字,一般說 famous
- sank:sink 的過去式
- 背景:Shackleton(1874–1922)是英國探險家,1914 年率「堅忍號」遠征南極,船被浮冰困住後沉沒,全員靠他帶領生還,是極地探險史上著名的求生故事。
- 113 學測|文意選填|第 1 段People come to speak to those they have lost, to say the words they never got to say on that fateful day.人們前來對失去的親人說話,說出那天他們來不及說的話。
- those they have lost:「他們失去的人」
- get to V:「有機會做…」,never got to say 是一直沒機會說
- fateful:「決定命運的」,fate 是「命運」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段According to a 2003 study, about 60% of a codfish caught in Iceland was lost or wasted during the production process for human consumption.根據 2003 年的一項研究,在冰島捕獲的鱈魚,約有 60% 在供人食用的生產過程中被損失或浪費。
- according to…:「根據…」
- about 60% of a codfish:這裡是一條魚的其中一部分,所以動詞用單數 was
- human consumption:「人類食用」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Furthermore, elephants are known to resist leaving their sick or dying behind, and a herd may linger at a trench with a trapped baby for hours, reluctant to move on until all hope is lost.此外,大象向來不願丟下生病或垂死的同伴,象群可能在溝邊守著被困的小象好幾個小時,不願離開,直到完全絕望。
- be known to V:「向來會…」
- resist V-ing:這裡是「抗拒、不願意」
- leave someone behind:「把某人丟下」
- the sick or dying:the + 形容詞,指「生病的和垂死的(那些)」
- herd:「象群」
- reluctant to V:「不情願…」
- move on:「繼續前進」
- all hope is lost:「希望全失」
想把學測單字一次整理好、邊背邊做筆記?
