學測原句
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段On August 4, 1914, Sir Ernest Shackleton, along with a skilled crew of 27, set sail on the Endurance toward the South Pole, hoping to make the first land crossing over Antarctica.1914 年 8 月 4 日,Ernest Shackleton 爵士帶著 27 名技術精良的船員,搭乘堅忍號啟航前往南極,希望完成史上第一次橫越南極大陸的壯舉。
- along with…:「連同…」,插入的部分不影響動詞,動詞仍跟著 Shackleton
- set sail:「啟航」,sail 是「帆」
- a crew of 27:「27 人的船員」
- land crossing:「陸地橫越」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段Memorial poles stood in front of a house.紀念柱立在房屋前。
- memorial pole:「紀念柱」
- stand in front of…:「立在…前面」
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段This means that ascenders would have their right hand tight against the narrowest part of the staircases, close to the central pole, and as a result were unable to use their sword effectively.這表示往上爬的人右手會緊貼著樓梯最窄的部分、靠近中央柱子,結果沒辦法有效揮劍。
- ascender:「往上爬的人」,ascend + -er
- tight against…:「緊貼著…」,against 是「靠著頂著」,緊緊貼在樓梯最窄的地方,沒有空隙
- as a result:「結果」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段Once the wrong was made right, the pole was taken down.一旦錯誤被改正,柱子就會被拆下。
- once:這裡是連接詞,「一旦」
- the wrong was made right:「錯誤被改正」
- take down:「拆下」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The family’s history was carefully carved into each pole.家族的歷史被仔細地雕刻在每根柱子上。
- be carved into…:「被雕刻在…上」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段The poles depicted the person’s accomplishments or family history.這些柱子描繪那個人的成就或家族歷史。
- depict:「描繪」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 5 段Totem poles are important expressions of specific Aboriginal cultures.圖騰柱是特定原住民文化的重要表現。
- expression:「表現」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Inside the homes of high-ranking chiefs is where house poles were found.房柱是在地位高的酋長家中被發現的。
- inside the homes of…is where house poles were found:地點片語當主詞,where 子句當補語,強調地點,「房柱是在…家中被發現的」
- high-ranking:「地位高的」
- chief:「酋長」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 2 篇How is the information about totem poles organized in Paragraphs 2 to 4?第 2 到第 4 段是如何安排圖騰柱的資訊的?
- 試題固定問法:問文章怎麼安排資訊;organized「組織安排的」
- totem pole:「圖騰柱」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Welcome poles were traditionally placed on village beachfronts to greet visitors arriving by canoe.歡迎柱傳統上立在村莊海灘前,迎接搭獨木舟抵達的訪客。
- arriving by canoe:「搭獨木舟抵達」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Placed along the rear or front walls of a house, house poles also helped to support the main beam of the roof.房柱立在房屋的後牆或前牆邊,也幫忙支撐屋頂的主樑。
- placed along…:過去分詞構句
- rear:「後面的」
- support:「支撐」
- main beam:「主樑」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段Carved from large, straight trees and painted vibrant colors, the totem poles are not just unique works of art.圖騰柱用高大筆直的樹木雕成,塗上鮮豔的顏色,不只是獨特的藝術作品。
- carved from…:過去分詞構句,「由…雕成」
- not just…:「不只是…」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段Traditionally, shame poles were carved for a chief to embarrass and ridicule another who had done something wrong.傳統上,羞辱柱是酋長為了讓做錯事的另一個人難堪、嘲笑他而雕刻的。
- embarrass:「使難堪」
- another:這裡指另一位酋長
- had done something wrong:過去完成式,在雕刻之前做的錯事
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The totem pole can be grouped into specific categories, depending on its location and the occasion for which it was carved.圖騰柱可依位置和雕刻的場合,分成特定類別。
- be grouped into…:「被分成…」
- depending on…:「取決於…」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段Totem poles in North America are poles or posts carved with symbols or figures by Aboriginal peoples of the Northwest Coast.北美的圖騰柱,是西北海岸原住民族用符號或圖像雕刻的柱子。
- totem pole:「圖騰柱」
- carve:「雕刻」
- figure:這裡是「圖像、人像」
- Aboriginal peoples:「原住民族」
- the Northwest Coast:「西北海岸」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 5 段Despite the threats posed by cultural and political encroachment of colonial forces, the art of totem pole carving has survived.儘管殖民勢力的文化與政治侵蝕帶來威脅,雕刻圖騰柱的藝術仍存續下來。
- threat posed by…:「…帶來的威脅」
- encroachment:「侵蝕、侵犯」
- colonial forces:「殖民勢力」
- survive:「存續」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段Mortuary poles were also raised to honor the dead, but they differed from memorial poles, having a burial box placed at the top of the pole.墓柱也是為了紀念亡者而豎立,但和紀念柱不同,柱頂放著一個埋葬盒。
- mortuary pole:「墓柱」
- raise:「豎立」
- honor:這裡是動詞,「紀念、尊崇」
- differ from…:「與…不同」
- having a burial box placed…:分詞構句,「柱頂放著埋葬盒」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段While many of these poles can still be found in various locations on the west coast of North America, there is one pole that can now only be found in a museum—the shame pole.雖然這些柱子有許多仍可在北美西岸各地看到,有一種柱子現在只能在博物館看到,那就是羞辱柱。
- various locations:「各個地點」
- the west coast:「西岸」
- there is one pole that…:「有一種柱子…」,shame pole 是同位語
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段The coastal peoples have long passed on knowledge from generation to generation through oral traditions, and totem poles were the traditional way of telling the story of an individual family or clan.沿海民族長期以來透過口述傳統,一代傳一代地傳承知識,而圖騰柱是講述個別家庭或氏族故事的傳統方式。
- pass on…:「傳承…」
- from generation to generation:「一代傳一代」
- oral traditions:「口述傳統」
一字多義
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