學測考點
such as…
「例如」
- facilities such as free Wi-Fi
- artists such as Picasso and Monet
- natural materials such as clay, shells, and ivory
- descriptive terms such as
- companies in the world, such as 3M and Google
- games with him, such as riding
- important trees, such as mango and
such a / an + 名詞 + that…
「如此…以致於」
- such a tight schedule that it takes weeks
- such a powerful symbol in Mexico that
- for such a long
such + 名詞
「這樣的、這類」
- such a syndrome is considered the top health risk
- such minimalist design is what makes
- such deep and extensive burns can be fatal
- such festive activities are usually held
- such dimples tend to occur in families
- during such breaks
- such beliefs and the actual
- such demand increased with the rise of western movies
such A as B
「像 B 這類 A」:用來舉出屬於 A 的例子,等於 A such as B(such organs as eyes, hearts, and spines)
學測原句
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Scientists thus hope that understanding the self-healing mystery of the fish may one day allow humans to regenerate such organs as eyes, hearts, and spines.因此科學家希望,理解這種魚的自我修復之謎,有一天能讓人類再生眼睛、心臟和脊椎等器官。
- regenerate:「再生」,re-(再)+ generate(產生)
- such organs as…:「像…這樣的器官」
- 115 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The mayor has such a tight schedule that it takes weeks to arrange an interview with her.市長的行程排得非常緊湊,要安排一場專訪得花上好幾個星期。
- such a… that…:「如此…以致於…」
- arrange an interview:「安排訪談」
- 114 學測|篇章結構|第 4 段Also, you may have to share common facilities (such as bathrooms) with other guests.此外,你可能得和其他客人共用公共設施(例如浴室)。
- share A with B:「和 B 共用 A」
- common:這裡是「共用的」,大家共同擁有
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Such deep and extensive burns can be fatal.這種又深又廣的燒傷可能致命。
- extensive:「大範圍的」,extend 是「延伸」
- burns:這裡是名詞,「燒傷」
- fatal:「致命的」,fate 是「命運」,命中注定死亡
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Dancers used small reed hoops as symbolic representations of animals such as eagles or snakes.舞者用小的蘆葦圈,當作老鷹或蛇等動物的象徵。
- symbolic:「象徵的」,symbol 是「象徵」
- representation:「代表物」
- such as…:「例如…」
- 111 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段Such festive activities are usually held in parks, temples, and other public places around Japan.這類歡慶活動通常在日本各地的公園、寺廟和其他公共場所舉行。
- festive:「節慶的」
- such…:「這類…」
- public places:「公共場所」
- around Japan:「日本各地」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 4 段The prickly pear has a number of advantages over other biofuel crops, such as wheat, sugarcane, and soybeans.這種仙人掌比小麥、甘蔗和黃豆等其他生質燃料作物更具多項優勢。
- a number of…:「許多…」
- advantages over…:「比…有優勢」
- biofuel crops:「生質燃料作物」
- 109 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Such dimples tend to occur in families, and are assumed to be an inherited feature.這類酒窩往往在家族中出現,被認為是遺傳特徵。
- tend to V:「往往會…」
- be assumed to be…:「被假定是…」
- inherited:「遺傳的」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段The researchers said bedbugs hide in cracks and crevices such as under sheets and mattresses, or deep in carpets where foggers won’t reach.研究人員說,臭蟲藏在床單和床墊下,或地毯深處等縫隙中,殺蟲煙霧劑碰不到那裡。
- such as…:「例如…」
- where foggers won't reach:「殺蟲煙霧劑到不了的地方」
- 107 學測|文意選填|第 4 段Such fortune cookies became common in Chinese restaurants in the U.S. after World War II.這種幸運籤餅在第二次世界大戰後,成為美國中餐館裡常見的東西。
- become common:「變得常見」
- World War II:「第二次世界大戰」,讀作 World War Two
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Others speak to more universal themes such as the primal relationship of humans to nature.其他作品則談到更普遍的主題,例如人類與自然之間原始的關係。
- others:指 other works
- speak to…:「與…有關、探討…」
- relationship of A to B:「A 與 B 的關係」
- 105 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段This comparative advantage is determined by key factors of production such as land, capital, and labor.這種比較優勢由土地、資本和勞力等關鍵生產要素決定。
- be determined by…:「由…決定」
- key:「關鍵的」
- factors of production:「生產要素」
- labor:「勞力」
- 104 學測|文意選填|第 3 段Norwegians were prohibited from wearing any symbol of their national unity, such as buttons with the initials of their king.挪威人被禁止佩戴任何象徵國家團結的標誌,例如印有國王姓名首字母的鈕扣。
- be prohibited from V-ing:「被禁止…」
- unity:「團結」,unite 的名詞
- initials:「姓名首字母」,要用複數
- 115 學測|混合題|第 3 段She sells environmentally friendly items such as reusable bottles, bamboo toothbrushes, and soy candles.她賣的是環保用品,例如可重複使用的瓶子、竹牙刷和大豆蠟燭。
- environmentally friendly:「對環境友善的」,也就是環保
- reusable:「可重複使用的」,re-use-able
- 115 學測|文意選填|第 4 段Some studies recommend napping for 20 to 40 minutes, while others point to shorter naps, such as 15 to 20 minutes.有些研究建議小睡 20 到 40 分鐘,另一些則主張更短的小睡,例如 15 到 20 分鐘。
- some…, while others…:「有些…,另有些…」
- recommend + V-ing:「建議做…」
- point to:「指向」,這裡是「主張」
- 115 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Deadly shootings on US campuses have raised grave concerns about how to prevent such tragic incidents from happening again.美國校園的致命槍擊案引發嚴重關切:該如何防止這類悲劇再度發生。
- shooting:「槍擊事件」
- prevent A from V-ing:「防止 A 做…」,這裡 A 是事件,所以是「防止事件發生」
- 115 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段The small portions were designed to merely "touch the heart," as the name literally means, and as such were first enjoyed as snacks.小份量的設計原本只是要「點到心頭」(這正是「點心」兩字的字面意思),所以一開始是當作小吃享用。
- portion:「一份的份量」
- be designed to V:「被設計來…」
- merely:「只是」,比 only 正式
- as the name literally means:「正如名字的字面意思」,literal「字面的」
- as such:「因此、作為這樣的食物」,承接前面說的小份量設計
- 115 學測|混合題|第 4 段Aside from handcrafted beer, the menu boasts hand-made gourmet pizzas such as the Yummy Duck n’ Cheese, loaded with roast duck and, yes, creamy delicious cheese.除了手工啤酒,菜單上還有手工製作的美食披薩,例如「Yummy Duck n' Cheese」,鋪滿烤鴨,沒錯,還有香濃美味的起司。
- aside from…:「除了…以外」
- boast:這裡主詞是菜單,意思是「(有值得誇耀的東西)擁有」,主詞是人時才是「吹噓」
- be loaded with…:「裝滿…」,load 是「裝載」
- creamy:「濃郁如奶油的」,cream + y
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段There were many sayings about their desire for alcohol, such as “drunk as a German.”當時有許多說法形容他們對酒的渴望,例如「醉得像德國人」。
- saying:「俗語」
- desire for…:「對…的渴望」
- such as…:「例如…」
- 114 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段If you are traveling, reserve seats where motion is felt the least, such as the front row of a car or forward cars of a train.如果要旅行,就預訂晃動感最不明顯的座位,例如汽車的前排,或火車的前面車廂。
- where motion is felt the least:「感覺到晃動最少的地方」,the least 是 little 的最高級
- forward cars:「前面的車廂」,這裡的 car 指車廂
- 114 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段Such minimalist design is what makes these hotels both inexpensive and efficient, providing only the essential elements for a good night sleep.這種極簡設計正是這些旅館既便宜又有效率的原因,只提供一夜好眠所需的基本要素。
- minimalist:「極簡主義的」,minimal 是「最小限度的」
- what makes…:「使…的原因」
- providing only…:分詞構句,補充說明;a good night sleep 的標準寫法是 a good night's sleep
- 114 學測|文意選填|第 3 段They have been used to mark the hours of the day, to call the faithful to prayer, and to signal emergency situations such as fires and invasions.它們曾用來報時、召喚信徒祈禱,也用來示警火災與入侵等緊急情況。
- mark the hours:「標示時辰」,就是報時
- the faithful:「信徒」,the + 形容詞表一群人,faith 是「信仰」
- signal:這裡當動詞,「發出信號 / 示警」
- invasion:「入侵」,invade 的名詞
- 114 學測|文意選填|第 3 段They have also rung in times of celebration and of mourning, announcing such events as royal weddings and coronations of kings, as well as funerals of heads of state.在慶祝與哀悼的時刻,鐘聲也會響起,宣告王室婚禮、國王加冕,以及國家元首的喪禮等大事。
- rung:ring 的過去分詞(ring-rang-rung)
- announce:「宣告」
- such events as A and B:「像 A、B 這類事件」
- coronation:「加冕典禮」,crown 是「皇冠」
- head of state:「國家元首」
- 114 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段Guests may enjoy facilities such as free Wi-Fi, mobile charging, and even a soundless alarm system that raises the sleeping guests into a seated position while gradually brightening the lights.客人可以享用免費 Wi-Fi、行動裝置充電,甚至還有無聲鬧鐘系統,會在燈光漸漸變亮的同時,把熟睡的客人升到坐姿。
- facilities:「設施」,這裡用複數
- soundless:「無聲的」,sound + less(沒有)
- raise A into B:「把 A 抬到 B」,raise 是及物動詞,後面要接受詞
- seated position:「坐姿」
- brighten:「變亮」,bright + en(使…)
- 113 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Artwork created by truly great artists such as Picasso and Monet will no doubt stand the test of time.畢卡索和莫內這類真正偉大的藝術家所創作的作品,無疑將經得起時間的考驗。
- artwork:「藝術作品」,不可數
- created by…:過去分詞,「由…創作的」
- no doubt:「無疑地」
- Picasso 與 Monet:兩位都是著名畫家
- 113 學測|混合題|第 2 段However, if a predator (such as a fox) is present, the pattern of their flight will change immediately.然而,一旦有掠食者(例如狐狸)出現,牠們的飛行模式就會立刻改變。
- present:這裡是形容詞,「在場的」,a predator is present 是「掠食者出現」
- 113 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段They nevertheless caution that a cutback may be necessary, such as running shorter distances or going more slowly.不過他們也提醒,可能需要減量,例如跑短一點的距離,或放慢速度。
- nevertheless:「儘管如此」,副詞
- caution that…:「提醒…」,caution 當動詞
- cutback:「縮減」,cut back 是砍回去、減少
- such as…:「例如…」
- 113 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Sometimes these shoppers collect data about their "normal" observations, such as cleanliness of the store or timeliness of the service.有時這些神祕客會蒐集他們「一般」觀察到的資料,例如店內的整潔程度或服務的準時程度。
- observation:「觀察所得」
- cleanliness:「整潔」,clean + ness
- timeliness:「準時 / 及時」,timely 是「及時的」
- 113 學測|混合題|第 2 段Normally, the birds enjoy a smooth flight together as a group when “commuting” between two locations, such as from their nesting site to their feeding ground.平常這些鳥「通勤」於兩個地點之間時,例如從築巢處到覓食地,會以群體一起平穩飛行。
- smooth:「平穩的」
- commute:「通勤」,加引號是因為鳥不是真的上班
- nesting site:「築巢處」
- feeding ground:「覓食地」
- such as…:「例如…」
- 112 學測|篇章結構|第 4 段For example, the flavors people with taste-word synesthesia experience are usually childhood flavors, such as chocolate or strawberries.例如,有「味覺—文字」共感覺的人所體驗到的味道,通常是童年的味道,像巧克力或草莓。
- taste-word synesthesia:「味覺 - 文字共感覺」
- the flavors (that) people… experience:省略關係代名詞
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Such a syndrome is considered the top health risk for the astronauts, and scientists are still trying to figure out how it may be prevented.這種症候群被視為太空人最大的健康風險,科學家仍在設法找出如何預防。
- be considered…:「被視為…」
- top:這裡是形容詞,「最高的」
- figure out:「想出」,figure 有「數字」的意思,可聯想成把數字算出來,out 是「出來」,算出答案就是「想出」
- how it may be prevented:間接問句,語序是主詞 + 動詞
- 112 學測|混合題|第 1 段GreenBurger just tastes “beany” to me, so I think that whatever form it comes in, it works better in recipes that would usually contain beans, such as in a rice bowl (as ground meat substitute).GreenBurger 對我來說就是有「豆味」,所以我覺得不管它是什麼形式,用在通常含豆類的食譜裡效果更好,例如蓋飯(當作絞肉的替代品)。
- beany:「有豆味的」,bean + y
- whatever form it comes in:「不管它以什麼形式出現」
- work better:「效果比較好」
- ground meat:「絞肉」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 4 段Natural materials such as clay, shells, and ivory were used before trading with the Europeans in the 19th century.在 19 世紀與歐洲人通商之前,使用的是黏土、貝殼和象牙等天然材料。
- natural materials:「天然材料」
- before trading with…:before + V-ing,「在與…交易之前」
- 111 學測|文意選填|第 3 段Such demand increased with the rise of western movies, and many cowboys with masterful skills on horseback found a new career as a stunt person.隨著西部片興起,這種需求增加,許多騎術高超的牛仔找到了特技演員這個新職業。
- the rise of…:「…的興起」
- western movies:「西部片」
- masterful skills on horseback:「高超的騎馬技術」,on horseback 是「騎在馬背上」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The headgear was later made mandatory at construction sites in major construction projects, such as the Hoover Dam in 1931 and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1933.這種頭盔後來在重大工程的工地被規定必須配戴,例如 1931 年的胡佛水壩和 1933 年的金門大橋。
- construction site:「工地」
- major construction projects:「重大工程」
- such as…:「例如…」
- 背景:胡佛水壩(Hoover Dam)位於美國內華達州與亞利桑那州交界,金門大橋(Golden Gate Bridge)在舊金山。
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段The prickly pear cactus is such a powerful symbol in Mexico that it occupies a prime spot on Mexico’s national flag.仙人掌在墨西哥是如此強大的象徵,以至於它占據了墨西哥國旗上的顯要位置。
- prickly pear cactus:「仙人掌」,prickly 是「多刺的」
- such…that…:「如此…以致於…」
- occupy a prime spot:「占據重要位置」
- national flag:「國旗」
- 背景:墨西哥國旗中央的圖案是一隻老鷹站在仙人掌上吃蛇。
- 109 學測|文意選填|第 3 段Such dimples are not a permanent trait, for they vanish when the excessive fat goes away.這類酒窩不是永久的特徵,因為多餘的脂肪消失時,它們也會消失。
- for:這裡是連接詞,「因為」
- go away:「消失」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Olive oil tasters have long adopted descriptive terms such as “pure” and “light” to evaluate the quality of olive oil.橄欖油品評員長期以來使用「純」和「淡」等描述性詞彙,來評估橄欖油的品質。
- taster:「品評員」
- adopt:「採用」
- descriptive terms:「描述性的詞彙」
- 109 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The potato chips have been left uncovered on the table for such a long time that they no longer taste fresh and crispy.洋芋片沒蓋起來放在桌上太久,已經不再新鮮酥脆了。
- potato chips:「洋芋片」
- leave A uncovered:「讓 A 沒蓋著」
- such…that…:「如此…以致於…」
- no longer:「不再」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Often those songs have a simple, upbeat melody and catchy, repetitive lyrics, such as popular commercial jingles and slightly annoying radio hits.這些歌通常有簡單、輕快的旋律,以及琅琅上口、重複的歌詞,例如流行的廣告歌和有點惱人的廣播熱門歌曲。
- upbeat:「輕快的」
- catchy:「琅琅上口的」
- commercial jingle:「廣告歌曲」
- annoying:「惱人的」
- hits:這裡是「熱門歌曲」
- 108 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The young generation in this country has shown less interest in factory work and other manual labor jobs, such as house construction and fruit picking.這個國家的年輕世代,對工廠工作和其他體力勞動的工作,例如蓋房子和採水果,興趣較低。
- show less interest in…:「對…的興趣較低」
- house construction:「蓋房子」
- fruit picking:「採水果」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Recent or repeated exposure to a song or even a small part of a song can also trigger earworms, as can word associations, such as a phrase similar to the lyrics of a song.最近或反覆接觸一首歌,甚至只是歌的一小部分,也可能觸發耳蟲,詞語聯想也可以,例如與某首歌歌詞相似的片語。
- exposure to…:「接觸到…」
- as can word associations:倒裝,as 是「如同」,等於「詞語聯想也可以觸發」
- association:「聯想」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Those who have positive feelings about their stuck songs prefer to just “let them be,” while those with negative feelings turn to more behavioral responses, which include coping strategies such as singing, talking, or even praying.對卡在腦中的歌有正面感受的人,偏好「順其自然」,而有負面感受的人,則轉向更多行為上的回應,包括唱歌、說話,甚至祈禱等應對策略。
- let them be:「讓它們去吧」
- turn to…:「轉向…」
- behavioral responses:「行為上的回應」
- coping strategies:「應對策略」
- pray:「祈禱」
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段During such breaks, the mind turns inward, where it can subconsciously puzzle over subtle meanings and connections.在這樣的休息期間,心思轉向內在,在那裡可以下意識地琢磨細微的意義與關聯。
- turn inward:「轉向內在」,in- 是「向內」
- subconsciously:「下意識地」,sub-(在…下面)+ conscious(有意識的)
- puzzle over…:「苦思…」
- subtle:「細微的」,b 不發音
- connection:「關聯」
- where it can…:where 指 inward 的內在世界
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段But fresh water can be in short supply in many arid regions of the world such as Saudi Arabia, where there are limited water resources.但在世界上許多乾燥的地區,例如水資源有限的沙烏地阿拉伯,淡水可能供應不足。
- in short supply:「供應不足」
- such as Saudi Arabia, where…:where 補充說明沙烏地阿拉伯
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段Dallas County was not doing some of the key things to slow the spread of West Nile, such as testing dead birds and setting mosquito traps to test for the presence of the disease.達拉斯郡沒有做一些減緩 West Nile 病傳播的關鍵工作,例如檢驗死鳥,以及設置捕蚊器來檢測疾病的存在。
- slow the spread:「減緩傳播」
- key:這裡是「關鍵的」
- such as…:「例如…」
- set mosquito traps:「設置捕蚊器」
- presence:「存在」,present(在場的)的名詞
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段That is why some of the most successful companies in the world, such as 3M and Google, encourage their employees to take part in all sorts of relaxing activities, such as playing pinball and wandering about the campus.這就是為什麼世界上一些最成功的公司,例如 3M 和 Google,鼓勵員工參加各種放鬆的活動,例如玩彈珠台和在公司園區裡閒逛。
- that is why…:「這就是為什麼…」,前面是原因,後面是結果
- take part in…:「參加…」
- all sorts of…:「各種…」
- wander about:「閒逛」
- 106 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段There is, however, a significant gap between such beliefs and the actual effect of weather on people's performance at work.然而,這類看法與天氣對人們工作表現的實際影響之間,有很大的落差。
- however 放在句中,表示轉折
- there is a gap between A and B:「A 和 B 之間有落差」
- significant:「顯著的」
- 106 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段But photos showing outdoor activities, such as sailing on a sunny day or walking in the woods, can greatly distract workers and thus lower their productivity.但顯示戶外活動的照片,例如晴天航行或在樹林裡散步,會大大分散員工的注意力,因此降低他們的生產力。
- photos showing…:現在分詞,修飾 photos
- 105 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段He demanded that his kidnappers play tiring games with him, such as riding Bill as a horse for nine miles.他要求綁匪陪他玩累人的遊戲,例如騎 Bill 當馬騎九英里。
- demand that…:「要求…」,後面用原形動詞(這裡是 play)
- such as…:「例如…」
- riding Bill as a horse:把 Bill 當成馬騎
- 105 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段It is also the subject of many international agreements that aim to govern and facilitate international trade, such as those negotiated through the World Trade Organization (WTO).它也是許多國際協議的主題,這些協議旨在管理與促進國際貿易,例如透過世界貿易組織談成的協議。
- aim to V:「旨在…」
- facilitate:「促進」,使事情更容易
- those negotiated through…:those 指 agreements,negotiated 是「被談判出來的」
- 104 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›An open display of intimate behavior between men and women, such as hugging and kissing, is not allowed in some conservative societies.在一些保守的社會中,不允許男女公開表現親密行為,例如擁抱和親吻。
- display:這裡是名詞,「展示、表現」
- 104 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›When taking medicine, we should read the instructions on the labels carefully because they provide important information such as how and when to take it.吃藥時,我們應仔細閱讀標籤上的說明,因為上面提供重要資訊,例如如何服用及何時服用。
- such as…:「例如…」
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Tree products have been an important part of diets for thousands of years, from early humans gathering fruits and nuts to the first cultivation of important trees, such as mango and apple.樹木產品數千年來一直是飲食的重要部分,從早期人類採集水果和堅果,到首次栽培芒果和蘋果等重要樹木。
- from A to B:「從 A 到 B」
- gather:「採集」
- cultivation:「栽培」,cultivate 的名詞
- have been:現在完成式,表示從過去到現在持續
想把學測單字一次整理好、邊背邊做筆記?
