barely / merely / bare / bear 易混淆字
barely 幾乎不、merely 只是、bare 光禿禿的、bear 承受、生、帶有(也是「熊」)。
106 學測|詞彙題
After spending most of her salary on rent and food, Amelia barely had any money left for entertainment and other expenses.
把大部分薪水花在房租和食物後,Amelia 幾乎沒有剩下什麼錢可用於娛樂和其他開銷。(幾乎沒有錢剩下)
- 考點:barely「幾乎沒有」,barely had any money=「幾乎沒有錢」,本身就帶否定意味,所以後面用 any。fairly「相當」、merely「僅僅」、readily「輕易地」都不能表示「幾乎沒有」
- after spending…on…:「花…在…上」
- left:「剩下的」
- expense:「開銷」
113 學測|篇章結構
The surgeon could not sit, and when he lay down he could barely get up.
這位外科醫師沒辦法坐著,躺下去後又幾乎起不來。(幾乎起不來)
- lay:這裡是 lie「躺」的過去式(lie – lay – lain),he lay down 是「他躺了下來」
- barely:「幾乎不」,帶有否定意味
111 學測|詞彙題
Hidden deep in a small alley among various tiny shops, the entrance of the Michelin star restaurant is barely visible to passersby.
這家米其林星級餐廳的入口藏在小巷深處,夾在各種小店之間,路人幾乎看不見。(幾乎看不見)
- 考點:visible「看得見的」,barely visible to passersby=「路人幾乎看不見」,因為入口藏在小巷深處。identical「相同的」、available「可取得的」、remarkable「顯著的」都不能表示看得見看不見
- hidden:過去分詞構句,「被藏起來」
- alley:「巷子」
- Michelin star restaurant:「米其林星級餐廳」
- passersby:「路人」,pass + by
110 學測|詞彙題
The problem of illegal drug use is very complex and cannot be traced to merely one singular reason.
非法使用毒品的問題非常複雜,無法歸咎於單一原因。(不只是一個原因)
- 考點:singular 這裡是「單一的」,one singular reason=「單一的原因」;文法裡的 singular 就是「單數」。countable「可數的」、favorable「有利的」、defensive「防禦的」都不能形容 reason
- illegal drug use:「非法使用毒品」
- be traced to…:「追溯到…」
112 學測|閱讀測驗
Their hoops, often made of metal, were not merely toys for Greek children but served as exercise devices as well.
他們的圈圈常用金屬製成,對希臘兒童來說不只是玩具,也當作運動器材。(不只是玩具)
- often made of metal:過去分詞,「常用金屬製成的」,of 指是某事物的一部分,金屬仍在成品裡,看得出原料
- serve as…:「當作…」
- exercise devices:「運動器材」
109 學測|綜合測驗
They draw elegant henna crowns on the women's bare heads to help them cope with the loss of their hair after cancer treatment.
他們在女性光禿的頭上畫優雅的海娜皇冠,幫助她們面對癌症治療後掉髮的失落。(光禿的頭)
- cope with…:「應付…」
112 學測|詞彙題
Upon the super typhoon warning, Nancy rushed to the supermarket—only to find the shelves almost bare and the stock nearly gone.
一聽到超級颱風警報,Nancy 就衝去超市,結果發現貨架幾乎空了,存貨也快沒了。(幾乎空空的架子)
- 考點:bare「空的」,the shelves almost bare=「貨架幾乎空了」。bare 本義是「光禿禿的、上面沒東西」。blank「空白的」用在紙或螢幕;hollow「中空的」指裡面是空心;queer「古怪的」,都不能形容貨架上沒貨
- upon + 名詞:「一…就…」,upon the warning 是「一聽到警報」
- rush to…:「衝去…」
- only to V:「結果卻…」
- stock:這裡是「存貨」
114 學測|文意選填
The 10 bells vary in size, each bearing a name.
這 10 口鐘大小不一,每口都有一個名字。(each bearing a name「各自帶有一個名字」)
- vary in size:「大小不同」,vary 是 variety 的動詞
- bear:「帶有」,本義是「承載」,bear a name=帶著一個名字
- each bearing a name:補充說明「每口各有一個名字」
111 學測|混合題
Popole Misenga was born in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Popole Misenga 出生於剛果民主共和國。(be born「出生」)
- the Democratic Republic of the Congo:「剛果民主共和國」
114 學測|混合題
My childhood memory of a polar bear pacing back and forth in a very small space in a zoo keeps haunting me.
我童年時看到動物園裡的北極熊在狹小空間裡來回踱步,那段記憶一直縈繞在我心頭。(名詞:熊)
- pace:「踱步」
- back and forth:「來回地」
- polar bear:「北極熊」,polar 是「極地的」
- haunt:「縈繞不去」,haunted house 是鬧鬼的房子,鬼魂纏著人,記憶也像鬼一樣纏著你
- keep + V-ing:「一直…」
怎麼判斷
- barely 是「幾乎沒有」。例:I could barely hear him.(我幾乎聽不到他)
- merely 是「只是」,可以換成 only。例:It is merely a rumor.(這只是個謠言)
- bare 是形容詞「光光的、沒有東西的」。例:bare feet(赤腳)
- bare 和 bear 唸起來一樣,要看句子需要的是形容詞還是動詞:bare 通常是形容詞,bear 是動詞「忍受」,也是名詞「熊」。
自我檢測
106 學測|詞彙題
1. After spending most of her salary on rent and food, Amelia ____ had any money left for entertainment and other expenses.
112 學測|閱讀測驗
2. Their hoops, often made of metal, were not ____ toys for Greek children but served as exercise devices as well.
109 學測|綜合測驗
3. They draw elegant henna crowns on the women's ____ heads to help them cope with the loss of their hair after cancer treatment.
114 學測|混合題
4. My childhood memory of a polar ____ pacing back and forth in a very small space in a zoo keeps haunting me.
