學測原句
- 115 學測|文意選填|第 3 段The brain size of habitual nappers, however, is found to be better preserved.不過,研究發現有小睡習慣的人,大腦的大小保持得比較好。
- habitual:「習慣性的」,habit 的形容詞
- napper:「小睡的人」
- preserve:「保存」,這裡指大腦「保持得較好」
- 114 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Your brain's confused reaction makes you feel sick.大腦的混亂反應讓你覺得不舒服。
- make + 人 + 原形動詞:「讓某人覺得…」
- feel sick:「覺得想吐 / 不舒服」
- 112 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段The most compelling support, however, comes from brain scans, which show that color processing areas in the brain light up when these people listen to certain words.不過,最有說服力的證據來自腦部掃描,掃描顯示這些人聽到特定字詞時,大腦處理顏色的區域會亮起來。
- compelling:「有說服力的」
- support:這裡是名詞,「證據 / 支持」
- brain scan:「腦部掃描」
- light up:「亮起來」
- color processing areas:「處理顏色的區域」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇There is a high level of GABA in the brain of zebrafish.斑馬魚的大腦裡 GABA 的濃度很高。
- a high level of…:「高濃度的…」
- GABA:一種神經傳導物質
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Even though our ears do not hear the tune, our brain continues to play it.即使我們的耳朵沒聽到這段旋律,大腦仍持續播放。
- even though:「即使」
- continue to V:「持續…」
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段It is your chance to play around with the extraordinary abilities buried in unused parts of your brain.這是讓你發揮大腦未使用部分中埋藏的非凡能力的機會。
- play around with…:「隨意玩玩…」
- extraordinary:「非凡的」,extra(超出)+ ordinary(普通)
- buried:「被埋藏的」,過去分詞修飾 abilities
- your chance to V:「你…的機會」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段It offers an online test telling you about the brain behind the bark.它提供線上測驗,告訴你吠叫背後的大腦是什麼樣子。
- telling you about…:現在分詞,修飾 test
- the brain behind the bark:押頭韻的說法,bark 是「狗吠」
- 115 學測|文意選填|第 2 段In fact, you are giving your brain and your body some time to recharge and turn up refreshed.事實上,你是在給大腦和身體一點時間充電,然後神清氣爽地回來。
- recharge:「充電」,re-(再)+ charge(充電)
- turn up:「出現」,up 是「上來」,從看不見的地方轉上來,變成看得見
- refreshed:「精神恢復的」,fresh again
- 115 學測|文意選填|第 3 段In our early 20s, our brain starts shrinking, which gradually slows cognition and increases dementia risk in later life.我們二十出頭時,大腦就開始縮小,這會逐漸減緩認知功能,並增加晚年罹患失智症的風險。
- in one's early 20s:「二十出頭」
- in later life:「晚年」
- shrink:「縮小」;, which 指前面整件事
- 115 學測|文意選填|第 3 段Research has shown that napping is linked with brain size and function; specifically, it can boost our cognition and memory.研究顯示,小睡與大腦的大小和功能有關;具體來說,小睡能增強我們的認知能力和記憶力。
- be linked with…:「與…有關」,link 是「連結」
- specifically:「具體來說」
- boost:「提升」,常接 memory、confidence
- cognition:「認知能力」
- 115 學測|文意選填|第 3 段This suggests that napping may significantly delay age-related brain shrinkage, and thus lower the possibility of developing dementia.這表示小睡可能大幅延緩與年齡相關的大腦萎縮,進而降低罹患失智症的可能性。
- suggest:「顯示」,原意是「暗示」
- age-related:「和年齡有關的」
- shrinkage:「萎縮」,shrink + -age
- develop:「罹患」,疾病用 develop,意思是「發展出」
- 114 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Motion sickness occurs when the signals your brain receives from your eyes, ears, and body do not match.當大腦從眼睛、耳朵與身體接收到的訊號互不吻合時,就會發生暈動症。
- the signals (that) your brain receives…:省略關係代名詞 that
- match:「吻合」
- 114 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Your brain doesn't know whether you are stationary or moving when these parts send conflicting information: One part of your balance-sensing system detects that your body is moving, but the other parts don't.當這些部位傳來互相矛盾的資訊時,大腦就分不清你是靜止還是在移動:平衡感應系統的某一部分察覺到身體在動,其他部分卻沒有。
- stationary:「靜止的」,station 本義是站著的地方,所以 stationary 就是站著不動
- conflicting:「互相衝突的」,conflict 是「衝突」
- the other parts don't:don't 後面省略 detect that your body is moving
- balance-sensing:「感應平衡的」
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇Lowering GABA levels in the brain can stimulate retina regrowth.降低大腦中的 GABA 濃度可以刺激視網膜再生。
- lowering…:動名詞片語當主詞
- regrowth:「再生」,re- + grow + th
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 4 段In order to know exactly how zebrafish retina is regenerated, the team looked at the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a chemical messenger in the brain that reduces the activity of neurons.為了確切知道斑馬魚的視網膜如何再生,研究團隊研究了神經傳導物質 γ-胺基丁酸(GABA),這是一種腦中的化學信使,會降低神經元的活動。
- in order to V:「為了…」
- gamma-aminobutyric acid:「γ-胺基丁酸」
- chemical messenger:「化學信使」
- reduce the activity of…:「降低…的活動」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Their brain is therefore tricked into thinking they are eating more than they really are.因此他們的大腦被騙,以為自己吃的比實際更多。
- be tricked into V-ing:「被騙而…」
- more than they really are:「比實際更多」,are 代替 eating
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段In other words, it is a way for you to put the deepest areas of your brain to good use while you're sleeping.換句話說,這是讓你在睡覺時善用大腦最深處區域的方法。
- in other words:「換句話說」
- put…to good use:「善加利用…」
- while you're sleeping:「在你睡覺的時候」
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