學測英文-精準背單字

依「學測單字講義」分組

學測考點

could(能力、可能)
「能夠」:could 表示過去的能力
  • he could pick up the phone
  • he could barely get up
  • could not withstand repeated
could have + p.p.
「本來可以…」(they could have used alarm clocks、ever could have imagined)
could(推測、假設)
「可能會」:could 表示推測或假設
  • could be the key to Mexico's energy
  • your dog could fall into one of nine categories
  • if he could recreate the same thing

學測原句

  • 113 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段
    They could have used alarm clocks because adjustable alarms had been invented by the mid-19th century.
    他們本來可以使用鬧鐘,因為可調整時間的鬧鐘在 19 世紀中葉前就已經發明了。
    • could have + 過去分詞:「本來可以…(但沒有)」
    • adjustable:「可調整的」,adjust + able
    • had been invented:過去完成式,「在那之前就已經發明」
    • by the mid-19th century:「到 19 世紀中葉為止」
  • 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 4 段
    “The blessing that Morgan has brought is beyond anything that I ever could have imagined and could explain.”
    「Morgan 帶來的福氣,遠超乎我所能想像與言語所能表達的。」
    • blessing:「福氣、祝福」
    • beyond anything that…:「超出…的任何事物」
    • could have imagined:could have + 過去分詞,這裡是「曾經能想像到」
  • 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段
    The defenders, living in the castles, were familiar with the stair pattern and could retreat up them very swiftly; while the attackers were much more likely to stumble and fall, particularly in the dimly lit confines of the staircase.
    住在城堡裡的守軍熟悉階梯的規律,可以很快往上撤退;攻擊者則更容易絆倒跌落,尤其是在樓梯間光線昏暗的狹窄空間裡。
    • defender:「守軍」,defend + -er
    • swiftly:「迅速地」,比 quickly 書面
    • dimly lit:「光線昏暗的」,lit 是 light 的過去分詞
    • confines:「狹窄的空間」
  • 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段
    He saw no reason why this could not be adapted for use on the busy London intersections.
    他認為沒有理由不能把這套系統改造後用在倫敦繁忙的路口。
    • see no reason why…:「看不出為什麼不能…」,意思是認為可以
    • adapt A for B:「把 A 改造成適合 B」
    • this:指前面的 signaling system
    • for use on…:「用在…上」
  • 113 學測|篇章結構|第 1 段
    The surgeon could not sit, and when he lay down he could barely get up.
    這位外科醫師沒辦法坐著,躺下去後又幾乎起不來。
    • lay 在這裡是 lie(躺)的過去式:lie-lay-lain;lay down 在這裡是「躺下」的過去式
    • barely:「幾乎不」,帶有否定意味
  • 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段
    In the earlier days of space travel, scientists tried to overcome the force of gravity so that a rocket could shoot free of Earth's pull in order to land humans on the moon.
    在太空旅行的早期,科學家試圖克服重力,讓火箭能脫離地球的拉力,好把人類送上月球。
    • the force of gravity:「重力」
    • shoot free of…:「衝出…而脫離」,shoot 本義是「射」
    • pull:這裡是名詞,「拉力」
    • so that…:「以便…」
    • in order to land humans on the moon:land 當動詞是「使登陸」

補充說明: must / should / could / might / would

這幾個助動詞的差別在語氣強弱。表示義務時,must 語氣最強,指「規定或必須遵守」,Passengers must fasten their seat belts 為「乘客必須繫上安全帶」,沒有商量餘地。should 表示「建議」,做到較為妥當,未做到通常不算違規。could 在建議時是「提供選項」,而非要求,You could take the earlier bus 為「你也可以搭早一班車」。might 的語氣通常比 may 更保留。would 與前四個字不同,本身不帶強制或建議的意味。同一句話換用不同的助動詞,語氣就跟著改變:You must leave now 是「命令」,You should leave now 是「建議」,You could leave now 是「提供選項」。

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