學測考點
must(義務)
「必須」
- zoo keepers must provide the best possible
- farmers must dig drainage trenches
- the oil must also pass both
- it must be free from impurity
- a marine pilot must have
must(肯定推測)
「一定」
- he must be from Ireland
- there must already have been
- you must have had this kind of experience
學測原句
- 114 學測|混合題|第 7 段Well, if zoos are an inevitability, zoo keepers must provide the best possible conditions for the animals that live in captivity—to say the least!嗯,如果動物園是無可避免的,那麼飼育員至少必須為被圈養的動物提供盡可能最好的條件!
- inevitability:「必然的事」,inevitable 是「不可避免的」
- zoo keeper:「動物園飼育員」
- the best possible conditions:「盡可能最好的條件」
- to say the least:「至少可以說」,把話說得保守,意思是「這還只是最起碼的要求」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Much of the forest land where tea is grown in Assam is flat and thus farmers must dig drainage trenches to prevent water from accumulating and hurting the shrubs.Assam 種茶的林地多半是平地,所以農民必須挖排水溝,避免積水傷害茶樹。
- flat:「平坦的」
- drainage trench:「排水溝」,drain 是「排水」
- accumulate:「累積」
- shrub:「灌木」,茶樹就是灌木
- prevent A from V-ing:「避免 A 做…」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 2 篇Which of the following is part of the knowledge that a marine pilot must have?下列何者是引水人必須具備的知識之一?
- marine pilot:「引水人」,帶船進出港口的人
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段You must have had this kind of experience: While in the middle of a normal dream, you suddenly realize that you are dreaming.你一定有過這樣的經驗:正在做一個普通的夢時,突然發現自己在做夢。
- must have had:「一定曾經有過」,must have + p.p. 是對過去的肯定推測
- in the middle of…:「正在…當中」
- realize:「發現」
- 105 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The newcomer speaks with a strong Irish accent; he must be from Ireland.這位新來的人說話帶著濃厚的愛爾蘭口音,他一定來自愛爾蘭。
- must be from…:「一定是來自…」,肯定推測
- 112 學測|文意選填|第 3 段The secret is: Never wait until the body is telling you you're thirsty, since there must already have been significant changes in your body for it to eventually alert your consciousness.祕訣是:絕不要等到身體告訴你口渴了才喝,因為身體一定已經出現明顯變化,才會最後警示你的意識。
- never wait until…:「絕不等到…」
- significant:「明顯的」
- there must already have been…:must have + 過去分詞,「一定已經有…」
- alert:這裡當動詞,「警示」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段It must be free from impurity, while exhibiting some fruitiness and creating a pleasant bitter flavor along with a peppery sensation in the mouth.它必須不含雜質,同時展現果香,並在口中帶出愉悅的苦味和辛辣感。
- free from…:「不含…」
- exhibit:「展現」
- peppery:「辛辣的」,pepper 是「胡椒」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段To be qualified as “extra virgin,” the oil must also pass both an official test in a laboratory and a sensory evaluation by a trained tasting panel.要符合「特級初榨」的資格,這種油還必須通過實驗室的官方檢驗,以及訓練有素的品油小組的感官評鑑。
- be qualified as…:「具備…的資格」
- sensory evaluation:「感官評鑑」,sensory 與 sense(感官)有關
- panel:「評審小組」
補充說明: must / should / could / might / would
這幾個助動詞的差別在語氣強弱。表示義務時,must 語氣最強,指「規定或必須遵守」,Passengers must fasten their seat belts 為「乘客必須繫上安全帶」,沒有商量餘地。should 表示「建議」,做到較為妥當,未做到通常不算違規。could 在建議時是「提供選項」,而非要求,You could take the earlier bus 為「你也可以搭早一班車」。might 的語氣通常比 may 更保留。would 與前四個字不同,本身不帶強制或建議的意味。同一句話換用不同的助動詞,語氣就跟著改變:You must leave now 是「命令」,You should leave now 是「建議」,You could leave now 是「提供選項」。
想把學測單字一次整理好、邊背邊做筆記?
