學測考點
exercise
動詞「運動」
- should exercise regularly
- they exercise 150 minutes a week
- those who don't exercise
exercise
名詞「運動」
- regular exercise
- forms of exercise
- modest amounts of exercise
- time for exercise every day
- doing exercise makes you happy
- low-impact exercise
exercise
名詞「鍛鍊」(a mental exercise、mind-body exercise)
學測原句
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Tai Chi Chuan is not only a physical but also a mental exercise.太極拳不只是身體的運動,也是心理的運動。
- not only A but also B:「不只 A,也 B」
- mental:「心理、心智的」
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段This centuries-old Chinese mind-body exercise is now gaining popularity in the United States.這種有數百年歷史的中國身心運動,現在在美國越來越受歡迎。
- gain popularity:「越來越受歡迎」
- 113 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›People who desire a slender figure should exercise regularly and maintain healthy eating habits.想要擁有苗條身材的人,應該規律運動並維持健康的飲食習慣。
- desire:這裡當動詞,「渴望」
- eating habits:「飲食習慣」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Their hoops, often made of metal, were not merely toys for Greek children but served as exercise devices as well.他們的圈圈常用金屬製成,對希臘兒童來說不只是玩具,也當作運動器材。
- often made of metal:過去分詞,「常用金屬製成的」,of 指是某事物的一部分,金屬仍在成品裡,看得出原料
- not merely A but B as well:「不只是 A,也是 B」
- serve as…:「當作…」
- exercise devices:「運動器材」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 1 段Exercise doesn't always have to be laborious.運動不一定要很辛苦。
- laborious:「費力的」,labor 是「勞動」
- doesn't always have to…:「不一定要…」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇They often live longer than those who don’t exercise.他們往往比不運動的人活得更久。
- live longer:「活得更久」
- those who…:「那些…的人」
- don't exercise:「不運動」
- 113 學測|篇章結構|第 4 段If a serious injury is ruled out and the pain is not getting worse after exercising, then the exercise "makes a lot of sense."如果排除了嚴重傷勢,而且運動後疼痛沒有加劇,那麼運動就「很合理」。
- rule out:「排除」
- get worse:「變得更糟」
- make sense:「合理」,make a lot of sense 是「非常有道理」
- 113 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段Their consensus, however, is that unless the injury involves something as serious as a broken bone or a ripped muscle, moderate exercise can actually speed healing.不過他們的共識是:除非傷勢嚴重到像骨折或肌肉撕裂,否則適度運動其實能加速癒合。
- consensus:「共識」,大家意見一致
- involve:「牽涉到」
- ripped:「撕裂的」,rip 是「撕」
- speed:這裡當動詞,「加速」
- 112 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Coconut water, which contains salt and carbohydrates, is also more functional than water at restoring and maintaining a normal fluid status after exercise.含有鹽和碳水化合物的椰子水,在運動後恢復並維持正常的體液狀態上,也比水更有效。
- functional:「有功能的 / 有效用的」
- restore:「恢復」
- fluid status:「體液狀態」
- which contains…:補充說明 coconut water
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 2 段The "no pain, no gain" view of exercise is now considered old-fashioned.「沒有痛苦,就沒有收穫」的運動觀念,現在被認為過時了。
- no pain, no gain:「沒有痛苦,就沒有收穫」,健身常用語,意思是要練到痛才有效
- be considered old-fashioned:「被認為過時」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 1 段If you cannot find ways to fit exercise into your busy daily schedule, don't worry!如果你找不到方法把運動塞進繁忙的日常行程,別擔心!
- fit A into B:「把 A 塞進 B」
- don't worry:「別擔心」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 1 段Doing exercise makes you happy, and you don't have to be a fitness fanatic to do it.運動讓你快樂,而且你不必是健身狂也能做到。
- fitness fanatic:「健身狂熱者」,fanatic 是「狂熱者」;do it 指 do exercise
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 3 段For the sake of your health, it is time to make regular exercise a part of your life.為了你的健康,是時候讓規律運動成為生活的一部分了。
- for the sake of…:「為了…」
- it is time to V:「是時候…了」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 2 段In fact, current health studies prove that exercise doesn't have to hurt to be effective.事實上,目前的健康研究證明,運動不必痛才有效。
- current:「目前的」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 3 段Keep in mind that even short periods of low-impact exercise serve as a powerful means to improve your health.請記住,即使是短時間的低衝擊運動,也是改善健康的有力方式。
- keep in mind that…:「記住…」
- low-impact:「低衝擊的」
- serve as…:「作為…」
- means:「方法」,單複數同形
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 3 段So, no matter how busy you are, try to make time for exercise every day, like a 15-minute walk with your dog.所以,不管你多忙,都要試著每天抽出時間運動,像是和你的狗散步 15 分鐘。
- no matter how busy you are:「不管你多忙」
- make time for…:「抽出時間做…」
- a 15-minute walk:「15 分鐘的散步」,15-minute 當形容詞時 minute 不加 s
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 1 段Research shows that modest amounts of exercise—even just 15 minutes a day—helps ease depression, enhance self-image, relieve stress, and much more.研究顯示,適量的運動,即使每天只有 15 分鐘,也有助於減輕憂鬱、提升自我形象、紓解壓力,還有更多好處。
- ease:這裡是動詞,「減輕」
- enhance:「提升」
- relieve stress:「紓解壓力」
- and much more:「還有更多」;主詞 amounts 是複數,原文 helps 應為 help
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Many great forms of exercise—like walking, swimming, or gentle stretching—get results without the soreness or discomfort some people associate with exercise.許多很棒的運動,像是走路、游泳或溫和的伸展,都能帶來成效,又不會有某些人覺得運動就會有的痠痛或不適。
- form of exercise:「運動形式」
- gentle stretching:「溫和的伸展」
- get results:「得到成效」
- soreness:「痠痛」
- associate A with B:「把 A 和 B 聯想在一起」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 2 段According to fitness trainers, physically demanding exercises may make you breathe heavily and your muscles may ache temporarily, but exercise should not be painful.健身教練指出,耗費體力的運動可能讓你大口喘氣、肌肉暫時痠痛,但運動不應造成疼痛。
- physically demanding:「體力要求高的」
- breathe heavily:「大口喘氣」
- ache:「痠痛」
- painful:這裡是「造成疼痛的」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇To explore the effects of regular exercise to our body.為了探討規律運動對身體的影響。
- explore:這裡是「探討」
- effects of A on B:「A 對 B 的影響」,原文用 to 不自然,應用 on
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 4 篇They usually do not meet the standard of exercise recommended by WHO.他們通常達不到世界衛生組織建議的運動標準。
- meet the standard:「達到標準」
- recommended by WHO:過去分詞,修飾 exercise
- WHO:世界衛生組織
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 4 篇Which of the following may be inferred about those who do serious exercise?關於認真運動的人,下列何者可以推論得知?
- 試題固定問法:問可以推論出什麼;infer「推論」,文章沒有直接寫出來,要從內容推得出來
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段You needn’t worry about the harm of a sedentary lifestyle because you exercise regularly, right?你不必擔心久坐生活方式的傷害,因為你有規律運動,對吧?
- needn't V:「不必…」
- right?:「對吧?」,附加問句
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Regular exercisers, furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on days when they exercise.此外,規律運動者在運動的日子,活動量被發現少了約 30%。
- be found to be…:「被發現…」
- less active:「較不活躍」
- on days when they exercise:「在他們運動的那幾天」
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段These movements, forming an exercise system, allow one to effortlessly experience the vital life force, or the Qi energy, in one's body.這些動作構成一套運動體系,讓人毫不費力地體驗身體裡重要的生命力,也就是氣。
- forming…:分詞片語,補充說明 movements
- effortlessly:「毫不費力地」,effort + less + ly
- life force:「生命力」
- Qi:「氣」
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Psychologically, this exercise may increase communication between the body and the mind and enable one to deal with other people more effectively.在心理上,這項運動可能增進身心之間的溝通,並讓人更有效地與他人相處。
- psychologically:「在心理上」
- enable someone to V:「使某人能夠…」
- deal with…:「應付、與…相處」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段And those small amounts of activity add up—30 minutes of light activity in two or three-minute bursts can be just as effective as a half-hour block of exercise.而這些少量的活動會累積起來,分成兩、三分鐘一小段一小段進行的 30 分鐘輕度活動,可以和連續半小時的運動一樣有效。
- add up:「累積」
- those small amounts of activity:「那些少量的活動」
- in two or three-minute bursts:「分成兩、三分鐘一小段一小段地做」,burst 這裡是「短時間的一陣」
- light activity:「輕度活動」
- just as effective as…:「和…一樣有效」
- block:這裡是「一段(時間)」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Recent studies show that people spend an average of 64 hours a week sitting, whether or not they exercise 150 minutes a week as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO).近期研究顯示,不論是否達到世界衛生組織建議的每週運動 150 分鐘,人們平均每週坐 64 小時。
- spend…sitting:「花…時間坐著」
- whether or not…:「無論是否…」
- recommend:「建議」
- World Health Organization:「世界衛生組織」,縮寫 WHO
近義字
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