學測考點
material
可數「材料」
- rigid material
- major material
- natural materials
- innovative material
學測原句
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 5 段Today, spiral staircases come in a wide variety of materials: steel, wood, concrete, and recently even glass.如今,螺旋梯有各式各樣的材質:鋼、木頭、混凝土,最近甚至還有玻璃。
- come in…:「有…(種類)」
- a wide variety of…:「各式各樣的…」
- 114 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段The walls of each capsule may be made of wood, metal or any rigid material, but are often fiberglass or plastic.每個膠囊的牆壁可能由木頭、金屬或任何堅硬的材料製成,但通常是玻璃纖維或塑膠。
- be made of…:「由…製成」,of 指是某事物的一部分,所以材料本身沒有改變,仍看得出原料是什麼
- rigid:「堅硬的」
- fiberglass:「玻璃纖維」,fiber 是「纖維」,glass 是「玻璃」
- but are often fiberglass:省略 made of
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 1 篇Cotton was not durable enough to be used as its materials.棉不夠耐用,不適合當作它的材料。
- enough to V:「足夠…」
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 1 篇According to the passage, what materials have been used for making hoops?根據文章,製作呼拉圈用過哪些材料?
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 4 段Natural materials such as clay, shells, and ivory were used before trading with the Europeans in the 19th century.在 19 世紀與歐洲人通商之前,使用的是黏土、貝殼和象牙等天然材料。
- natural materials:「天然材料」
- before trading with…:before + V-ing,「在與…交易之前」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 1 篇Rubber became the major material of the flip-flop before World War II.橡膠在第二次世界大戰之前就成了夾腳拖的主要材料。
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段Due to its low cost, this innovative material is already being used by many leading fashion companies to make their products.由於成本低,這種創新材料已被許多領先的時尚公司用來製作產品。
- due to…:「由於…」
- leading:「領先的」
- is already being used:現在進行式被動
- 106 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The innovative footwear resembles a common sandal and is made of leather straps and rubber soles, a material similar to that used in tires.這雙創新的鞋子像一般涼鞋,由皮帶和橡膠鞋底製成,橡膠是與輪胎所用類似的材料。
- resemble:「像」,不加 like
- a material similar to that used in tires:that 指 material
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 2 篇According to the passage, which is a correct time sequence of the materials used in making spiral staircases?根據文章,製作螺旋梯所用的材料,哪一個是正確的時間順序?
- time sequence:「時間順序」
- spiral staircase:「螺旋梯」
- 115 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 4 段Being associated with medieval castles and kings, spiral staircases gradually won popularity in European architecture, with new materials emerging to cope with customers’ needs.由於讓人聯想到中世紀城堡與國王,螺旋梯逐漸在歐洲建築中流行起來,新的建材也隨之出現,以滿足顧客的需求。
- being associated with…:分詞構句表示原因
- win popularity:「受歡迎」
- cope with:「應付」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Cod skin, for example, is made into calcium supplement and energy drinks, and even as material for skin transplantation as in Oddsson’s case.例如,鱈魚皮被製成鈣片和能量飲料,甚至像 Oddsson 的例子一樣,當作皮膚移植的材料。
- be made into…:「被製成…」(be made of 是「由…做成」,方向相反)
- calcium supplement:「鈣補充劑」
- as in…:「就像…那樣」
- case:「例子 / 個案」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段By 1955, he had completed an improved version of the product, with each square inch of material containing 300 hooks, which made it stay fastened and yet easy enough to pull apart when needed.到 1955 年,他完成了這項產品的改良版,每平方英寸的材料含有 300 個鉤子,既能維持扣緊,需要時又很容易拉開。
- by 1955, he had completed…:過去完成式,「到 1955 年時已經完成」
- with each square inch of material containing 300 hooks:with + 受詞 + V-ing,「每平方英寸…含有…」
- which:指前面整件事
- stay fastened:「維持扣緊」
- and yet:「卻又」,強調對比
- pull apart:「拉開」
- when needed:省略 it is
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Rubber thus replaced rice straw as the major material for the flip-flop.橡膠因此取代稻草,成為夾腳拖的主要材料。
- replace A as B:「取代 A 成為 B」
- major material:「主要材料」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段It consists of a piece of rubber, plastic, leather, or woven material in the outline of a foot, with a strap holding the sandal to a wearer’s toes.它是由一片橡膠、塑膠、皮革或編織材料構成,形狀是腳的輪廓,再加上一條帶子把涼鞋固定在穿著者的腳趾上。
- consist of…:「由…組成」
- with a strap holding…:with + 受詞 + 現在分詞
- wearer:「穿著者」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段In addition, the leftover material following the removal of fibers can even be used as a natural fertilizer back in the pineapple fields.此外,取出纖維後剩下的材料,甚至可以當作天然肥料,回到鳳梨田裡。
- in addition:「此外」
- 108 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段After five years of research, she created from pineapple leaves a material which, like real leather, can be used for making bags, shoes, and other textile products.經過五年研究,她用鳳梨葉創造出一種材料,和真皮一樣,可以用來製作包包、鞋子和其他紡織品。
- create A from B:「用 B 創造出 A」
- like real leather:「像真皮一樣」
- a material which…can be used for…:「可用來…的材料」
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