學測英文-精準背單字

依「學測單字講義」分組

學測考點

must(義務)
「必須」
  • zoo keepers must provide the best possible
  • farmers must dig drainage trenches
  • the oil must also pass both
must(肯定推測)
「一定」
  • he must be from Ireland
  • there must already have been
  • you must have had this kind of experience

學測原句

  • 114 學測|混合題|第 7 段
    Well, if zoos are an inevitability, zoo keepers must provide the best possible conditions for the animals that live in captivity—to say the least!
    嗯,如果動物園是無可避免的,那麼飼育員至少必須為被圈養的動物提供盡可能最好的條件!
    • inevitability:「必然的事」,inevitable 是「不可避免的」
    • zoo keeper:「動物園飼育員」
    • the best possible conditions:「盡可能最好的條件」
    • to say the least:「至少可以說」,把話說得保守,意思是「這還只是最起碼的要求」
  • 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段
    Much of the forest land where tea is grown in Assam is flat and thus farmers must dig drainage trenches to prevent water from accumulating and hurting the shrubs.
    Assam 種茶的林地多半是平地,所以農民必須挖排水溝,避免積水傷害茶樹。
    • flat:「平坦的」
    • drainage trench:「排水溝」,drain 是「排水」
    • accumulate:「累積」
    • shrub:「灌木」,茶樹就是灌木
    • prevent A from V-ing:「避免 A 做…」
  • 109 學測|閱讀測驗(題目) 第 2 篇
    Which of the following is part of the knowledge that a marine pilot must have?
    下列何者是引水人必須具備的知識之一?
    • marine pilot:「引水人」,帶船進出港口的人
  • 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段
    You must have had this kind of experience: While in the middle of a normal dream, you suddenly realize that you are dreaming.
    你一定有過這樣的經驗:正在做一個普通的夢時,突然發現自己在做夢。
    • must have had:「一定曾經有過」,must have + p.p. 是對過去的肯定推測
    • in the middle of…:「正在…當中」
    • realize:「發現」
  • 105 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›
    The newcomer speaks with a strong Irish accent; he must be from Ireland.
    這位新來的人說話帶著濃厚的愛爾蘭口音,他一定來自愛爾蘭。
    • must be from…:「一定是來自…」,肯定推測
  • 112 學測|文意選填|第 3 段
    The secret is: Never wait until the body is telling you you're thirsty, since there must already have been significant changes in your body for it to eventually alert your consciousness.
    祕訣是:絕不要等到身體告訴你口渴了才喝,因為身體一定已經出現明顯變化,才會最後警示你的意識。
    • never wait until…:「絕不等到…」
    • significant:「明顯的」
    • there must already have been…:must have + 過去分詞,「一定已經有…」
    • alert:這裡當動詞,「警示」

補充說明: must / should / could / might / would

這幾個助動詞的差別在語氣強弱。表示義務時,must 語氣最強,指「規定或必須遵守」,Passengers must fasten their seat belts 為「乘客必須繫上安全帶」,沒有商量餘地。should 表示「建議」,做到較為妥當,未做到通常不算違規。could 在建議時是「提供選項」,而非要求,You could take the earlier bus 為「你也可以搭早一班車」。might 的語氣通常比 may 更保留。would 與前四個字不同,本身不帶強制或建議的意味。同一句話換用不同的助動詞,語氣就跟著改變:You must leave now 是「命令」,You should leave now 是「建議」,You could leave now 是「提供選項」。

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