學測原句
- 115 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Scientists studying white rhinos in South Africa have found that these animals leave messages in their poop.在南非研究白犀牛的科學家發現,這些動物會把訊息留在糞便裡。
- scientists studying white rhinos…:studying… 修飾 scientists,等於 scientists who study…;動詞是 have found
- leave messages in…:「把訊息留在…」
- 112 學測|篇章結構|第 4 段Scientists agree that synesthesia has a genetic basis, because it frequently runs in families.科學家同意共感覺有遺傳基礎,因為它常常在家族中出現。
- genetic basis:「遺傳基礎」
- run in families:「在家族中遺傳」,run 是「流動」,像血液一樣在家族裡一代代流下去
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 3 篇Scientists are testing if the GABA theory works on mice as it does on zebrafish.科學家正在測試 GABA 理論在老鼠身上是否和在斑馬魚身上一樣有效。
- test if…:「測試是否…」
- work on…:「對…有效」
- as it does on zebrafish:it does 代替 works
- mice:「老鼠」,mouse 的複數
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Now scientists have come up with a new use for the bright green plant: producing renewable energy.現在科學家為這種亮綠色的植物想出了新用途:生產再生能源。
- come up with…:「想出…」
- renewable energy:「再生能源」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Scientists already knew earlier that wind and splashes of rainwater can move bacteria and other germs from leaf to leaf.科學家早就知道,風和飛濺的雨水能把細菌和其他病菌從一片葉子帶到另一片葉子。
- splash:這裡是名詞,「飛濺」
- from leaf to leaf:「一片傳一片」,名詞不加冠詞
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段This interesting phenomenon becomes a subject explored by many scientists.這個有趣的現象成為許多科學家探討的主題。
- explore:「探討」
- a subject explored by…:過去分詞修飾 subject
- 105 學測|文意選填|第 4 段Now, scientists from all over the world come to visit his creation.現在,來自世界各地的科學家都來參觀他的創作。
- from all over the world:「來自世界各地」
- creation:「創作」,create 的名詞
- 112 學測|篇章結構|第 3 段In the early 1990s, however, scientists noticed that synesthetic colors do not change over time.不過到了 1990 年代初期,科學家注意到,共感覺的顏色不會隨時間改變。
- in the early 1990s:「1990 年代初期」
- synesthetic:「共感覺的」
- over time:「隨時間」
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段Other scientists suggest that plants, like animals, compete for resources—nutrients, water, space, and light.其他科學家則認為,植物和動物一樣,會競爭資源,也就是養分、水、空間與光線。
- suggest that…:「提出…看法」
- compete for…:「爭奪…」,competition 是名詞
- resources—nutrients, water, space, and light:破折號後面的列舉說明爭奪哪些資源
- nutrient:「養分」,nutrition 是「營養」
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Scientists have been discussing crown shyness since the 1920s, proposing multiple explanations for the phenomenon.自 1920 年代以來,科學家就一直在討論樹冠羞避,並對這個現象提出多種解釋。
- have been discussing…since…:「自…以來一直在討論」,現在完成進行式
- the 1920s:「1920 年代」
- propose:「提出」
- multiple:「多種的」
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Such a syndrome is considered the top health risk for the astronauts, and scientists are still trying to figure out how it may be prevented.這種症候群被視為太空人最大的健康風險,科學家仍在設法找出如何預防。
- be considered…:「被視為…」
- top:這裡是形容詞,「最高的」
- figure out:「想出」,figure 有「數字」的意思,可聯想成把數字算出來,out 是「出來」,算出答案就是「想出」
- how it may be prevented:間接問句,語序是主詞 + 動詞
- 112 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段In the earlier days of space travel, scientists tried to overcome the force of gravity so that a rocket could shoot free of Earth's pull in order to land humans on the moon.在太空旅行的早期,科學家試圖克服重力,讓火箭能脫離地球的拉力,好把人類送上月球。
- the force of gravity:「重力」
- shoot free of…:「衝出…而脫離」,shoot 本義是「射」
- pull:這裡是名詞,「拉力」
- so that…:「以便…」
- in order to land humans on the moon:land 當動詞是「使登陸」
- 111 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Scientists found that sharp corners are natural weak spots where stress concentrates.科學家發現,尖角天生是弱點,應力會集中在那裡。
- sharp corners:「尖角」
- weak spots:「弱點」
- stress:這裡是物理的「應力」,指物體受到的力,不是心理壓力
- concentrate:「集中」;where 指 weak spots
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Scientists thus hope that understanding the self-healing mystery of the fish may one day allow humans to regenerate such organs as eyes, hearts, and spines.因此科學家希望,理解這種魚的自我修復之謎,有一天能讓人類再生眼睛、心臟和脊椎等器官。
- regenerate:「再生」,re-(再)+ generate(產生)
- such organs as…:「像…這樣的器官」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Benjamin Franklin, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, was not only a great politician but also a highly accomplished scientist and inventor.美國開國元勳之一的富蘭克林,不只是偉大的政治家,也是成就非凡的科學家和發明家。
- the Founding Fathers:「開國元勳」
- not only A but also B:「不只 A,也 B」
- 109 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段Many scientists, however, say there is no evidence that Blue Monday causes any more sadness than other specific days of the year.然而許多科學家表示,沒有證據顯示憂鬱星期一比一年中其他特定日子造成更多悲傷。
- there is no evidence that…:「沒有證據顯示…」
- cause:「造成」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段Some scientists believe that the color difference between the young and the old indicates their different social positions.一些科學家認為,幼魚與成魚的顏色差異,顯示牠們不同的社會地位。
- social position:「社會地位」
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段After testing these brands on five different groups of live bedbugs for two hours, the scientists saw that the foggers had little—if any—effect on the insects.這些品牌在五組活臭蟲身上測試兩小時後,科學家發現殺蟲煙霧劑對昆蟲幾乎沒有效果,即使有,也很小。
- after testing…:after + V-ing
- live:這裡讀 /laɪv/,「活的」
- little—if any—effect:「即使有,效果也很小」,if any 是插入語
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 3 段Scientists believe that dehydration at sea may explain the declining populations of sea snakes in some parts of the world.科學家認為,海上脫水可能解釋了世界部分地區海蛇數量減少的現象。
- dehydration:「脫水」,dehydrate 的名詞
- declining:「減少中的」
近義字
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