學測考點
state
名詞「國家、州、狀態」
- heads of state
- the Russian state
- the Indian state of Assam
- a state of emergency
- a state of war
state
動詞「陳述、記載」,書面字
- the Hebrew Bible states that
- the report states that
- he states
學測原句
- 115 學測|混合題|第 5 段Owner Joseph Tang says he knew the idea would work well in this unique district: “Each store is one of a kind in Wonder Village,” he states.老闆 Joseph Tang 說,他知道這個點子在這個獨特的區域會很成功:「在 Wonder Village,每家店都是獨一無二的。」他表示。
- work well:「行得通」
- one of a kind:「獨一無二」,同類裡只有一個
- state:「表示」,書面字
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 4 段The Russian state played a significant role in the spread of alcohol consumption in the country.俄羅斯國家在酒類消費於國內擴散的過程中,扮演了重要角色。
- play a significant role in…:「在…中扮演重要角色」
- the spread of…:「…的擴散」
- state:這裡指「國家 / 政府」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇Why Moran’s family moved to the United States.為什麼 Moran 的家人搬到美國。
- 112 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段In the Indian state of Assam, growing numbers of tea farms are destroying the Asian elephant’s habitats and endangering their population.在印度 Assam 邦,越來越多茶園正在破壞亞洲象的棲地,危及牠們的族群。
- growing numbers of…:「越來越多的…」
- endanger:「使陷入危險」,en-(使)+ danger
- population:這裡是「族群數量」
- 背景:阿薩姆邦(Assam)位於印度東北部,是著名的茶產區。
- 110 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段Roy Sullivan, a park ranger in the United States, was struck by lightning more recorded times than any other human being.美國公園管理員 Roy Sullivan 被閃電擊中、且有紀錄的次數,比其他任何人都多。
- park ranger:「公園管理員」
- more recorded times than any other human being:「有紀錄的次數比其他任何人都多」
- 背景:Roy Sullivan 被稱為「人體避雷針」,被閃電擊中的次數列入金氏世界紀錄。
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 4 段In the 1950s, flip-flops became popular in the United States as soldiers returning from occupied Japan brought zōris home.1950 年代,隨著從被占領的日本返國的士兵帶回草履,夾腳拖在美國流行起來。
- occupied:「被占領的」
- as:這裡是連接詞,「隨著」
- soldiers returning from…:現在分詞,修飾 soldiers
- 108 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段Ohio State University researchers tested three commercially sold foggers in a study on the effect of foggers on bedbugs.俄亥俄州立大學的研究人員測試了三款市售的殺蟲煙霧劑,研究它們對臭蟲的效果。
- commercially sold:「市售的」
- effect of A on B:「A 對 B 的效果」
- 107 學測|綜合測驗 第 2 篇|第 3 段Across the United States each day, 300,000 pounds of hair and fur are cut.全美每天剪下三十萬磅的頭髮與動物毛髮。
- across the United States:「橫跨全美國」
- pound:「磅」,重量單位
- 300,000 pounds of hair and fur 在這裡把「磅數」當複數主詞,所以用 are cut;把整批重量當成一個整體時,也可以用單數動詞
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段The report examines nine countries where a state of war has become the norm.報告檢視了九個戰爭狀態已成常態的國家。
- examine:「檢視」
- state of war:「戰爭狀態」
- the norm:「常態」
- 104 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段This centuries-old Chinese mind-body exercise is now gaining popularity in the United States.這種有數百年歷史的中國身心運動,現在在美國越來越受歡迎。
- gain popularity:「越來越受歡迎」
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 4 段This soon filled the state treasury with huge revenues, but it also encouraged vodka consumption.這很快讓國庫充滿龐大的收入,但也助長了伏特加的消費。
- fill A with B:「用 B 填滿 A」
- treasury:「國庫」,treasure 是「寶藏」,放寶貝的地方
- revenue:「收入」,指政府或公司的收入
- encourage:這裡是「助長」,讓某件事更常發生
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 4 段In the 19th century, the emperors began to establish a state monopoly, largely due to the rise of illegal production of low-quality vodka.19 世紀,皇帝們開始建立國家專賣制度,主要是因為劣質伏特加的非法生產增加。
- monopoly:「壟斷 / 專賣」,只有一家能賣
- state monopoly:「國家專賣」
- largely due to…:「主要由於…」
- the rise of…:「…的增加」
- 114 學測|文意選填|第 3 段They have also rung in times of celebration and of mourning, announcing such events as royal weddings and coronations of kings, as well as funerals of heads of state.在慶祝與哀悼的時刻,鐘聲也會響起,宣告王室婚禮、國王加冕,以及國家元首的喪禮等大事。
- rung:ring 的過去分詞(ring-rang-rung)
- announce:「宣告」
- such events as A and B:「像 A、B 這類事件」
- coronation:「加冕典禮」,crown 是「皇冠」
- head of state:「國家元首」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Moran came to the United States at age 7 with his family and settled in Philadelphia.Moran 七歲時隨家人來到美國,定居在費城。
- at age 7:「在 7 歲時」
- settle in…:「定居在…」
- Philadelphia:「費城」
- 113 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段De Mestral thus began mass-producing Velcro, opening plants in Europe and eventually into Canada and the United States.因此 de Mestral 開始大量生產 Velcro,在歐洲設廠,最後擴展到加拿大和美國。
- mass-produce:「大量生產」,mass 是「大量」
- plant:這裡是「工廠」,不是「植物」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段The Hebrew Bible states that Nehemiah, an official serving King Artaxerxes of ancient Persia, asked permission to travel to Judah.《希伯來聖經》記載,替古波斯國王 Artaxerxes 服務的官員 Nehemiah,請求准許前往 Judah。
- state:這裡是動詞,「記載」
- serving…:現在分詞,修飾 an official
- 背景:尼希米(Nehemiah)是《希伯來聖經》中的人物;猶大(Judah)是古代地名,在今日以色列一帶。
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 1 段Benjamin Franklin, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, was not only a great politician but also a highly accomplished scientist and inventor.美國開國元勳之一的富蘭克林,不只是偉大的政治家,也是成就非凡的科學家和發明家。
- the Founding Fathers:「開國元勳」
- not only A but also B:「不只 A,也 B」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 1 段The concept of a travel document, which shows a person is under a ruler’s protection while in a foreign land, has probably existed since rulers and states were first invented.旅行文件的概念,是用來證明一個人身在外國時受統治者保護,這個概念可能從統治者和國家出現之初就存在了。
- travel document:「旅行文件」
- foreign land:「外國土地」
- has probably existed since…:現在完成式 + since
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段For more than two hundred years, the White House has stood as a symbol of the United States Presidency, the U.S. government, and the American people.兩百多年來,白宮一直是美國總統職位、美國政府與美國人民的象徵。
- for more than two hundred years:現在完成式的時間,白宮「持續」是象徵
- stand as a symbol of…:「作為…的象徵」
- Presidency:「總統職位」,這裡首字母大寫指職位本身
- 107 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段The city declared a state of emergency and began aerial spraying of a pesticide to kill the mosquitoes, even though residents argued that the pesticide could be more dangerous than the disease.該市宣布進入緊急狀態,並開始以飛機噴灑殺蟲劑來殺蚊子,儘管居民主張這種殺蟲劑可能比疾病更危險。
- declare a state of emergency:「宣布進入緊急狀態」
- aerial spraying:「空中噴灑」
- even though:「儘管」
- argue that…:這裡是「主張…」,不是「爭吵」
- 105 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 2 段The report states that 40% of all children across the region are currently not receiving an education, which is a result of two consequences of violence: structural damage to schools and the displacement of populations, also called “forced migration.”報告指出,該地區所有兒童中有 40% 目前沒有接受教育,這是暴力的兩個後果造成的:學校結構受損,以及人口遭迫遷(也稱為「強迫遷移」)。
- state:這裡是動詞,「指出」
- receive an education:「接受教育」
- structural damage:「結構損壞」
- displacement:「迫遷」,displace 是「迫使離開」
- forced migration:「強迫遷移」
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