學測考點
without + 名詞 / doing something
「沒有、不…」
- without thought
- without reservation
- without a good reason
- without using
- without using fertilizers or insecticide
- without the interference
- without the services of a marine pilot
- without international trade
- without his permission
rarely seen without / born without
「很少沒有…就出現 / 生來沒有…」:without 後面接名詞(is rarely seen without his spear and shield、born without natural dimples)
學測原句
- 111 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 3 段A Maasai warrior is rarely seen without his spear and shield.馬賽戰士很少不帶著矛和盾牌就出現。
- rarely seen without…:「很少在沒有…的情況下被看到」,也就是幾乎總是帶著矛和盾牌
- 109 學測|文意選填|第 4 段For those people who were born without natural dimples, various methods can be applied to successfully create them.對於天生沒有酒窩的人,可以用各種方法成功製造酒窩。
- those people who were born without…:「天生沒有…的人」
- apply:這裡是「使用」
- 115 學測|篇章結構|第 2 段Without a shared language, they often resort to smiling to get along with others.在沒有共同語言的情況下,他們常靠微笑來和別人相處。
- resort to…:「只好靠…」,沒有別的辦法才用;to 是介系詞,後面接名詞或 V-ing
- get along with…:「和…相處」
- 114 學測|閱讀測驗(選項) 第 2 篇Making inquiries without reservation.毫無保留地詢問。
- without reservation:「毫無保留地」
- 113 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段They may also pretend to be difficult customers, arguing with a salesperson without a good reason.他們也可能假裝是難搞的顧客,無緣無故和銷售人員爭論。
- pretend to V:「假裝…」
- difficult customer:「難搞的顧客」
- argue with someone:「和某人爭論」
- without a good reason:「沒有正當理由」
- salesperson:「銷售人員」
- 111 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›I cannot imagine running my office without her help.我無法想像沒有她的幫忙,我要怎麼經營辦公室。
- 這句和上一句是同一題,空格在上一句(答案 assistant);沒有她的幫忙就無法經營辦公室,所以她是很棒的助理
- imagine V-ing:「想像…」
- run:這裡是「經營」
- without her help:「沒有她的幫忙」
- 110 學測|文意選填|第 2 段Many great forms of exercise—like walking, swimming, or gentle stretching—get results without the soreness or discomfort some people associate with exercise.許多很棒的運動,像是走路、游泳或溫和的伸展,都能帶來成效,又不會有某些人覺得運動就會有的痠痛或不適。
- form of exercise:「運動形式」
- gentle stretching:「溫和的伸展」
- get results:「得到成效」
- soreness:「痠痛」
- associate A with B:「把 A 和 B 聯想在一起」
- 109 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段Without the services of a marine pilot, docking ships would be hazardous.沒有引水人的服務,船隻靠岸會很危險。
- dock:這裡是動詞,「靠岸」
- without the services of…:「沒有…的服務」
- 108 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›Bobby cared a lot about his privacy at home and asked his parents not to go through his things without his permission.Bobby 很在意自己在家的隱私,要求父母不要未經他的允許翻他的東西。
- care about…:「在意…」
- go through:這裡是「翻找」
- without his permission:「未經他的允許」
- 106 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›In the Bermuda Triangle, a region in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean, some airplanes and ships were reported to have mysteriously disappeared without a trace.在百慕達三角,也就是北大西洋西部的一個區域,據報導有些飛機和船隻神祕地消失得無影無蹤。
- were reported to have disappeared:「據報導已消失」,to have + p.p. 表示消失在報導之前
- 105 學測|文意選填|第 3 段Kareem let his forest grow naturally, without using fertilizers or insecticides.Kareem 讓他的森林自然生長,不使用肥料或殺蟲劑。
- let someone V:「讓某人…」
- insecticide:「殺蟲劑」,insect 是「昆蟲」
- 104 學測|詞彙題看這一題 ›The angry passengers argued furiously with the airline staff because their flight was cancelled without any reason.憤怒的乘客與航空公司人員激烈爭吵,因為他們的班機無故被取消。
- argue with…:「與…爭論」
- cancel:「取消」
- without any reason:「沒有任何理由」
- 115 學測|篇章結構|第 1 段Smiling is a gesture that many people engage in dozens of times a day without thought.微笑是許多人一天不假思索就會做上幾十次的動作。
- engage in…:「從事」,engage 是「投入」
- dozens of…:「幾十個」,dozen 是十二個,dozens 就是很多個十二
- without thought:「不假思索」
- 114 學測|篇章結構|第 1 段Originated in Japan, these hotels were initially meant for business professionals to stay close to populated business districts without spending a lot.這類旅館起源於日本,最初是讓商務人士不必花太多錢,就能住在人口密集的商業區附近。
- originate in…:「起源於…」,origin 是「起源」;本句句首的 originated in Japan 應寫成 originating in Japan(主動的「起源於」)
- be meant for…:「原本是給…用的」
- populated:「人口密集的」
- without spending a lot:「不必花很多錢」
- 111 學測|文意選填|第 4 段Today, CGI (computer generated imagery) is widely used in filmmaking, and it is now possible to create very lifelike scenes without using real stunt people.如今 CGI(電腦合成影像)廣泛用於電影製作,不用真的特技演員也能創造非常逼真的場景。
- CGI:computer generated imagery 的縮寫
- it is possible to V:「有可能…」
- without using…:「不用…」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 4 段The wheelchair guests can transfer out of their chairs into unique, waterproof chairs and enjoy the splash park without risking damage to their personal wheelchairs.輪椅賓客可以從自己的輪椅換坐到特殊的防水椅,享受戲水公園,不用冒著損壞個人輪椅的風險。
- transfer out of…into…:「從…換到…」
- unique:「特殊的」
- splash park:「戲水公園」
- without risking damage to…:「不冒…損壞的風險」
- 110 學測|綜合測驗 第 1 篇|第 1 段In fact, a visit to a major European city just would not be the same without encountering them: bathing in fountains, perching on historic buildings, and flocking in public squares.事實上,到歐洲大城市旅遊,少了與牠們的相遇就不算完整:牠們在噴泉裡洗澡、停在歷史建築上、成群聚在公共廣場。
- would not be the same without…:「少了…就不一樣」
- encounter:「遇見」
- bathe:「洗澡」
- perch:「棲息、停在」
- flock:這裡是動詞,「成群聚集」,名詞是「鳥群」
- public square:「公共廣場」
- 110 學測|閱讀測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Music was moving out of the relatively small halls of Mozart’s day into the large concert halls of the 19th century, and without amplification, the glass armonica simply couldn’t be heard.音樂的演出空間正從莫札特時代相對較小的廳堂,轉移到 19 世紀的大型音樂廳,而沒有擴音設備,玻璃琴根本聽不見。
- hall:「廳堂」
- concert hall:「音樂廳」
- amplification:「擴音」
- simply couldn't be heard:「就是聽不到」
- 106 學測|閱讀測驗 第 2 篇|第 2 段It is believed that the martial art was connected with tribal fighting in Africa, in which people fought body to body, without weapons, in order to acquire a bride or desired woman.據信這種武術與非洲的部落戰鬥有關,那時人們為了得到新娘或心儀的女人,不用武器,身體對身體地打鬥。
- be connected with…:「與…有關」
- in order to V:「為了…」
- acquire:「取得」
- in which:which 指 tribal fighting
- 105 學測|文意選填|第 3 段He believed in the ability of nature to renew itself without the interference of humans.他相信大自然有不受人類干預、自己更新的能力。
- believe in…:「相信…的存在或能力」
- interference:「干預」
- the ability of nature to renew itself:「大自然自我更新的能力」
- 105 學測|綜合測驗 第 3 篇|第 3 段Without international trade, nations would be limited to the goods and services produced within their own borders.沒有國際貿易,各國就只能限於自己國境內生產的商品與服務。
- without…:「沒有…」,搭配 would,表示與事實相反
- be limited to…:「限於…」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段Camake said, “They told me afterward that through our performance, they had a vision of our country, our village, without having to visit it.Camake 說:「他們事後告訴我,透過我們的表演,他們不用造訪,就對我們的國家、我們的村落有了印象。
- afterward:「事後」
- through…:「透過…」
- have a vision of…:「對…有印象、想像」
- without having to visit it:「不需要去造訪」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 1 篇|第 2 段He was worried that the audience would fall asleep since most of the 75-minute performance was a cappella, that is, singing without instrumental sound.他擔心觀眾會睡著,因為 75 分鐘的表演大部分是無伴奏合唱,也就是沒有樂器聲的歌唱。
- fall asleep:「睡著」
- a cappella:「無伴奏歌唱」,可以獨唱或合唱,義大利文
- that is:「也就是」
- instrumental:「樂器的」,instrument 是「樂器」
- 104 學測|閱讀測驗 第 4 篇|第 2 段But without that activity, blood sugar levels and blood pressure keep creeping up, steadily damaging the inside of the arteries and increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and other serious diseases.但沒有這些活動,血糖與血壓就會不斷爬升,持續損害動脈內壁,並增加罹患糖尿病、心臟病、中風及其他嚴重疾病的風險。
- creep up:「慢慢上升」
- steadily:「持續地」
- damaging…and increasing…:兩個分詞構句,表示結果
想把學測單字一次整理好、邊背邊做筆記?
