expand / extend 易混淆字
expand 是「變大」,體積、規模變大;extend 是「延伸」,長度、時間往外拉長。
111 學測|閱讀測驗
New products continue to expand the market.
新產品持續擴大市場。(擴大市場)
- continue to V:「持續…」
106 學測|綜合測驗
They come in two sizes, and can expand in three places.
它們有兩種尺寸,並且可以在三個地方伸展。(可以展開)
- come in…:「有…(規格)」
- expand:「擴展」;they 指前面的 footwear(鞋子)
110 學測|閱讀測驗
If it can be expanded, the prickly pear could be the key to Mexico’s energy future.
如果能擴大規模,這種仙人掌可能成為墨西哥未來能源的關鍵。(可以擴大)
- expand:「擴大」
- the key to…:「…的關鍵」
114 學測|閱讀測驗
Thus, he proposed a signaling system based on the railway movable-arm signal: Arms extending horizontally commanded drivers to stop, whereas arms lowered to a 45-degree angle told drivers to move on, resembling a traffic director’s gestures.
因此,他提出一套以鐵路活動臂號誌為基礎的信號系統:手臂水平伸出,命令駕駛停車;手臂降到 45 度角,則告訴駕駛可以前進,就像交通指揮員的手勢。(手臂向外伸)
- based on…:「以…為基礎」
- movable:「可活動的」,move + able
- extend:「伸出」
- horizontally:「水平地」,horizon 是「地平線」
- command A to V:「命令 A 做…」
- whereas:「然而」,表對比
- lowered to…:過去分詞,「降到…」
- move on:「繼續前進」
- resemble:「像」,是及物動詞,後面不加 to
- traffic director:「交通指揮員」
- 背景:鐵路活動臂號誌(movable-arm signal)是早期鐵路用機械手臂指示火車停車或前進的信號。
怎麼判斷
- expand 是「擴大」,指整體變大。例:The company expanded.(公司擴大了)
- extend 是「延伸、延長」,指往外伸長,或把時間拉長。例:She extended her arm.(她伸出手臂) He extended the deadline.(他延長了期限)
自我檢測
111 學測|閱讀測驗
1. New products continue to ____ the market.
114 學測|閱讀測驗
2. Thus, he proposed a signaling system based on the railway movable-arm signal: Arms ____ horizontally commanded drivers to stop, whereas arms lowered to a 45-degree angle told drivers to move on, resembling a traffic director’s gestures.
106 學測|綜合測驗
3. They come in two sizes, and can ____ in three places.
