raise / rise 易混淆字
raise 是「舉起、提高、養育」，後面有受詞；rise 是「上升、升起」，自己動，後面沒有受詞。
108 學測｜閱讀測驗
Mortuary poles were also raised to honor the dead, but they differed from memorial poles, having a burial box placed at the top of the pole.
墓柱也是為了紀念亡者而豎立，但和紀念柱不同，柱頂放著一個埋葬盒。（被豎起來）
- mortuary pole：「墓柱」
- honor：這裡是動詞，「紀念、尊崇」
- differ from…：「與…不同」
- having a burial box placed…：分詞構句，「柱頂放著埋葬盒」
115 學測｜詞彙題
Deadly shootings on US campuses have raised grave concerns about how to prevent such tragic incidents from happening again.
美國校園的致命槍擊案引發嚴重關切：該如何防止這類悲劇再度發生。（引起（疑慮））
- 考點：grave「嚴重的」，grave concerns＝「嚴重的憂慮」。grave 名詞是「墳墓」，形容詞就引申為「嚴重到攸關生死」，所以搭配 concern、danger、mistake 這類大事。swift「迅速的」、brutal「殘暴的」、harsh「嚴厲的」都不能形容 concerns
- shooting：「槍擊事件」
- prevent A from V-ing：「防止 A 做…」，這裡 A 是事件，所以是「防止事件發生」
106 學測｜閱讀測驗
Born and raised in Boston, he began his career at age eighteen in his hometown, working as an apprentice at a printing company.
他在波士頓出生長大，十八歲時在家鄉開始職業生涯，在一家印刷公司當學徒。（被養大）
- born and raised：分詞構句，「出生並長大」
- printing company：「印刷公司」
114 學測｜篇章結構
In response to rising demands, these hotels are embracing a wave of innovation.
為了回應不斷增加的需求，這些旅館正迎接一波創新。（增加中的需求）
- in response to…：「回應…」，response 是「回應」
- embrace：「欣然接受」，本義是「擁抱」
- a wave of…：「一波…」
115 學測｜閱讀測驗
Documents from ancient times indicate that many maps in early ages were pointing to the east, where the sun rose.
古代文獻顯示，早期的許多地圖是朝向東方，也就是太陽升起的方向。（太陽升起）
- point to the east：「朝向東方」
- , where the sun rose：補充說明 the east
112 學測｜閱讀測驗
During the Age of Exploration, commerce in Zanzibar quickly boomed, largely due to the rise of the spice trade.
大航海時代，Zanzibar 的商業迅速興盛，主要是因為香料貿易的興起。（興起）
- boom：這裡當動詞，「迅速興盛」
- largely due to…：「主要是由於…」
- spice trade：「香料貿易」
- 背景：大航海時代（Age of Exploration）約指 15 到 17 世紀，歐洲人航海探索世界、開闢新航線。
怎麼判斷
- raise 是「舉起、提高」，把東西弄上去，後面有受詞。例：They raised the price.（他們提高了價格）
- rise 是「上升」，自己升起來，後面沒有受詞。例：The sun rises in the east.（太陽從東方升起）
- 三態不同：raise – raised – raised，rise – rose – risen。
自我檢測
108 學測｜閱讀測驗
1. Mortuary poles were also ＿＿＿＿ to honor the dead, but they differed from memorial poles, having a burial box placed at the top of the pole.
115 學測｜閱讀測驗
2. Documents from ancient times indicate that many maps in early ages were pointing to the east, where the sun ＿＿＿＿.
114 學測｜篇章結構
3. In response to ＿＿＿＿ demands, these hotels are embracing a wave of innovation.