defect / detect 易混淆字
defect 是「缺陷」，detect 是「偵測、發現」。
109 學測｜文意選填
Not all dimples are formed by a genetic defect, though; some may appear due to the presence of excessive fat on the face.
不過，並非所有酒窩都由基因缺陷形成；有些可能是因為臉上脂肪過多而出現。（基因缺陷）
- not all…：「並非全部都…」
- due to…：「由於…」
- presence：「存在」，present 是「在場的」
105 學測｜綜合測驗
Well-trained examiners can usually detect lying with a high degree of accuracy when they use a polygraph.
訓練有素的檢查員使用測謊機時，通常能以很高的準確度偵測到謊言。（測出說謊）
- well-trained：「訓練有素的」
- degree of accuracy：「準確程度」
- a high degree of…：「很高程度的…」
114 學測｜綜合測驗
Your brain doesn't know whether you are stationary or moving when these parts send conflicting information: One part of your balance-sensing system detects that your body is moving, but the other parts don't.
當這些部位傳來互相矛盾的資訊時，大腦就分不清你是靜止還是在移動：平衡感應系統的某一部分察覺到身體在動，其他部分卻沒有。（偵測到身體在移動）
- stationary：「靜止的」，station 本義是站著的地方，所以 stationary 就是站著不動
- conflicting：「互相衝突的」，conflict 是「衝突」
- the other parts don't：don't 後面省略 detect that your body is moving
- balance-sensing：「感應平衡的」
108 學測｜閱讀測驗
Once the pests detect the chemical fog in the room, they’ll hide themselves in walls or other hideaways, where you’ll never be able to treat them effectively.
一旦害蟲察覺到房間裡的化學煙霧，就會躲進牆壁或其他藏身處，在那裡你永遠無法有效處理牠們。（偵測到化學氣體）
- chemical fog：「化學煙霧」
- hideaway：「藏身處」
- where 指 walls or other hideaways
- treat：這裡是「處理、施藥」
怎麼判斷
- defect 當名詞是「缺陷、毛病」，指東西或身體的缺點。例：a birth defect（先天缺陷）
- detect 是「察覺、偵測」，把不容易發現的東西找出來。例：detect a smell（聞出一種味道）
- 記法：detective 是「偵探」，字裡有 detect。
自我檢測
109 學測｜文意選填
1. Not all dimples are formed by a genetic ＿＿＿＿, though; some may appear due to the presence of excessive fat on the face.
105 學測｜綜合測驗
2. Well-trained examiners can usually ＿＿＿＿ lying with a high degree of accuracy when they use a polygraph.
114 學測｜綜合測驗
3. Your brain doesn't know whether you are stationary or moving when these parts send conflicting information: One part of your balance-sensing system ＿＿＿＿ that your body is moving, but the other parts don't.