effective / efficient 易混淆字
effective 看「有沒有達到目的」，efficient 看「花得少不少、快不快」。
112 學測｜文意選填
For this reason, milk can actually be more effective than drinking water.
因此，牛奶其實可能比喝水更有效。（更有效）
- for this reason：「因為這個原因」
- can actually be…：「其實可能是…」
104 學測｜閱讀測驗
And those small amounts of activity add up—30 minutes of light activity in two or three-minute bursts can be just as effective as a half-hour block of exercise.
而這些少量的活動會累積起來，分成兩、三分鐘一小段一小段進行的 30 分鐘輕度活動，可以和連續半小時的運動一樣有效。
- add up：「累積」
- those small amounts of activity：「那些少量的活動」
- in two or three-minute bursts：「分成兩、三分鐘一小段一小段地做」，burst 這裡是「短時間的一陣」
- light activity：「輕度活動」
- block：這裡是「一段（時間）」
110 學測｜文意選填
In fact, current health studies prove that exercise doesn't have to hurt to be effective.
事實上，目前的健康研究證明，運動不必痛才有效。（要有效）
- current：「目前的」
113 學測｜混合題
Often they have to work together to explore alternative routes many times before they finally settle on the most efficient one.
牠們常得合作，多次探索替代路線，最後才選定最有效率的一條。（最有效率的路線）
- alternative routes：「替代路線」
- settle on…：「選定…」
- one：指 route
114 學測｜篇章結構
Such minimalist design is what makes these hotels both inexpensive and efficient, providing only the essential elements for a good night sleep.
這種極簡設計正是這些旅館既便宜又有效率的原因，只提供一夜好眠所需的基本要素。（便宜又有效率）
- minimalist：「極簡主義的」，minimal 是「最小限度的」
- what makes…：「使…的原因」
- providing only…：分詞構句，補充說明；a good night sleep 的標準寫法是 a good night's sleep
106 學測｜綜合測驗
Accordingly, many people believe that bad weather can reduce productivity and efficiency.
因此，許多人認為壞天氣會降低生產力與效率。（名詞：效率）
- reduce：「降低」
怎麼判斷
- effective 是「有效的」，問的是有沒有用。例：This medicine is effective.（這個藥有效）
- efficient 是「有效率的」，問的是省不省時間、力氣。例：She is an efficient worker.（她做事很有效率）
- 同一個東西可以兩者都是：又有用，又省時間。
自我檢測
104 學測｜閱讀測驗
1. And those small amounts of activity add up—30 minutes of light activity in two or three-minute bursts can be just as ＿＿＿＿ as a half-hour block of exercise.
113 學測｜混合題
2. Often they have to work together to explore alternative routes many times before they finally settle on the most ＿＿＿＿ one.
114 學測｜篇章結構
3. Such minimalist design is what makes these hotels both inexpensive and ＿＿＿＿, providing only the essential elements for a good night sleep.